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伊库区独立公投在即 周边邻国绷紧神经

2017-09-24 20:16:52   新华网

自今年6月伊拉克库区宣布将就独立问题举行公投以来,土耳其政府已多次表示强烈反对,并释放出采取经济和军事应对措施的信号。

22日,土总统埃尔多安主持国家安全委员会会议。会后发表的书面声明说,伊拉克库尔德自治区独立公投是“非法的”和“不可接受的”,将直接威胁土耳其国家安全,并将危害伊拉克的领土完整及本地区的和平稳定。声明呼吁伊拉克库尔德自治政府取消本次公投,在伊拉克宪法框架下寻找解决方案。

伊朗政府也多次重申反对伊拉克库尔德人举行独立公投。伊朗议会议长拉里贾尼18日表示,伊拉克库尔德人独立公投将损害地区人民利益。

叙利亚政府尽管没有对伊库区公投直接表态,但叙副总理兼外长穆阿利姆23日在纽约会见伊拉克官员时表示,支持伊拉克统一,反对分裂。

  反制措施

土耳其政治分析人士认为,伊库区公投触犯了土耳其政府的红色底线,如果库区一意孤行,土方可能从经济和军事层面采取进一步的反制措施。

在经济层面,一位土耳其能源问题智囊20日建议,土政府可以切断伊库区途经土耳其的石油贸易,从而打击库区政府的主要收入来源。

在军事层面,土耳其已经释放出强硬应对信号。23日,土议会通过议案,将军方在伊拉克和叙利亚实施跨境军事行动的授权期限延长一年。分析人士认为,该议案为实施针对库区公投的跨境军事行动铺平了道路。

同时,自18日起,土军在距离伊库区仅3公里的边境地带进行军演,演习地点邻近哈布尔边境口岸,该口岸是伊库区通往外界的重要通道。

伊朗最高国家安全委员会秘书沙姆哈尼17日表示,若伊拉克库尔德地区搞“分裂活动”,伊朗将关闭与之相邻的边境。

自叙利亚冲突爆发以来,库尔德人与叙利亚政府之间基本相安无事,但随着打击“伊斯兰国”的战斗接近尾声,两者之间的矛盾也开始凸显。

目前库尔德人已实际控制叙利亚东北部地区,并着手推行期望已久的自治计划。分析人士认为,这将造成叙利亚政府与库尔德人关系紧张,而伊库区公投将进一步触动叙利亚政府的神经。(执笔记者:李震;采访记者:秦彦洋、施春、车宏亮、郑一晗、马骁)

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