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人民日报:人大释法是权力也是宪制责任

2016-11-05 09:50:52   人民日报

十二届全国人大常委会第24次会议已经启动法律解释程序,将对香港基本法第104条作出权威性解释,通过明确相关法律规定,澄清香港社会对基本法所规定的特别行政区法定公职人员宣誓效忠制度的模糊认识,为依法处理香港特别行政区立法会议员选举和宣誓中发生的问题,提供有力指引和明确方向。此次释法,法理和法律依据充分,非常适时、非常必要,意义重大、影响深远。

人大释法既是行使权力,也是履行责任,具有充分的法理和法律依据。中华人民共和国宪法赋予了全国人大常委会解释法律的权力,香港基本法第158条第1款明确规定:“本法的解释权属于全国人民代表大会常务委员会”。此次主动释法,是全国人大常委会维护国家主权权力和“一国两制”方针必须履行的宪制责任。一段时间以来,香港某些人肆无忌惮地鼓吹“港独”,某些当选议员更是借宣誓场合公然宣扬“港独”,侮辱国家和民族,违反宪法和基本法,也违反香港有关法律,严重触碰“一国两制”底线,危及国家统一、领土完整和国家安全,危害国家核心利益和广大香港居民的根本利益,性质恶劣。全国人大及其常委会行使国家立法权,有权力也有责任维护宪法和基本法的权威,坚决反对和遏制“港独”,维护“一国两制”方针,维护国家安全。

此次释法,对保证基本法在香港特别行政区得到全面准确贯彻落实,对维护香港法治秩序,具有重要意义。根据宪法和基本法,全国人大常委会可根据需要在任何时候行使这一权力。当前,香港社会对宣誓规定的理解存在争议,立法会的正常运作因“宣誓事件”受到极大干扰。问题的核心是,凡分裂国家、推行“港独”的人,直接违反宪法、基本法和香港有关法律,没有资格参选和担任基本法规定的公职。全国人大常委会适时对基本法第104条作出解释,一锤定音,亮明法律的红线,对遏制“港独”、维护宪法和基本法的权威、维护香港的法治和社会政治稳定,具有十分重要和深远的意义。

根据香港基本法,全国人大常委会解释法律具有最高的法律权威,所作法律解释与基本法具有同等效力,香港特别行政区任何法律包括普通法都不得与基本法相抵触。对基本法及其解释,香港特区的行政机关、立法机关和司法机关都必须一体遵循。香港司法机关根据全国人大常委会释法所明确的法律依据,正确处理有关案件,符合法治原则,是保证香港基本法和香港有关法律得到正确实施的重要措施,并且,此次释法也为今后处理同类事件明确了规范、立下了规矩。

香港回归以来,中央贯彻“一国两制”的决心坚定不移,“一国两制”的基础和前提是“一国”,没有“一国”就没有“两制”。全国人大常委会行使解释权的出发点和目的,是为了保证“一国两制”方针和基本法的贯彻实施、保持香港长期繁荣稳定,必将继续得到包括香港同胞在内的全中国人民的拥护和支持。此次释法,是维护国家安全的需要,也是香港立法会正常运转、政府依法施政和特区长治久安的根本保障,其合法性、必要性和权威性不容置疑。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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