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国务院就与菲律宾的南海争议发表白皮书(全文)

2016-07-13 10:37:14   新华网

26.由外交部、内政部、海军部等部门组成的水陆地图审查委员会,专门审定中国南海诸岛各岛、礁、滩、沙名称,并于1935年编印并公布了《中国南海各岛屿图》。

27.日本在侵华战争期间曾非法侵占中国南海诸岛。中国人民对日本的侵略进行了英勇抵抗。随着世界反法西斯战争和中国人民抗日战争的推进,中、美、英三国于1943年12月发表《开罗宣言》郑重宣布,日本必须将所窃取的中国领土归还中国。1945年7月,中、美、英三国发表《波茨坦公告》,其中第8条明确规定,“开罗宣言之条件必将实施”。

28.1945年8月,日本宣布接受《波茨坦公告》无条件投降。1946年11月至12月,中国政府指派林遵上校等高级军政官员,乘坐“永兴”、“中建”、“太平”、“中业”4艘军舰,分赴西沙群岛和南沙群岛,举行仪式,重立主权碑,派兵驻守。随后,中国政府用上述4艘军舰名对西沙群岛和南沙群岛的4个岛屿进行重新命名。

29.1947年3月,中国政府在太平岛设立南沙群岛管理处,隶属广东省。中国还在太平岛设立气象台和电台,自6月起对外广播气象信息。

30.在对南海诸岛重新进行地理测绘的基础上,中国政府于1947年组织编写了《南海诸岛地理志略》,审定《南海诸岛新旧名称对照表》,绘制标有南海断续线的《南海诸岛位置图》。1948年2月,中国政府公布《中华民国行政区域图》,包括《南海诸岛位置图》。

31.1949年6月,中国政府颁布《海南特区行政长官公署组织条例》,把“海南岛、东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛及其他附属岛屿”划入海南特区。

32.中华人民共和国1949年10月1日成立后,多次重申并采取立法、行政设治、外交交涉等措施进一步维护对南海诸岛的主权和在南海的相关权益。中国对南海诸岛及相关海域的巡逻执法、资源开发和科学考察等活动从未中断过。

33.1951年8月,中国外交部长周恩来发表《关于美英对日和约草案及旧金山会议的声明》指出,“西沙群岛和南威岛正如整个南沙群岛及中沙群岛、东沙群岛一样,向为中国领土,在日本帝国主义发动侵略战争时虽曾一度沦陷,但日本投降后已为当时中国政府全部接收”,“中华人民共和国在南威岛和西沙群岛之不可侵犯的主权,不论美英对日和约草案有无规定及如何规定,均不受任何影响”。

34.1958年9月,中国发布《中华人民共和国政府关于领海的声明》,明确规定中国领海宽度为12海里,采用直线基线方法划定领海基线,上述规定适用于中华人民共和国的一切领土,包括“东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛以及其他属于中国的岛屿”。

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