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国务院就与菲律宾的南海争议发表白皮书(全文)

2016-07-13 10:37:14   新华网

35.1959年3月,中国政府在西沙群岛的永兴岛设立“西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处”;1969年3月,该“办事处”改称“广东省西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛革命委员会”;1981年10月,恢复“西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处”的称谓。

36.1983年4月,中国地名委员会受权公布南海诸岛部分标准地名,总计287个。

37.1984年5月,第六届全国人民代表大会第二次会议决定设立海南行政区,管辖范围包括西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

38.1988年4月,第七届全国人民代表大会第一次会议决定设立海南省,管辖范围包括西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

39.1992年2月,中国颁布《中华人民共和国领海及毗连区法》,确立了中国领海和毗连区的基本法律制度,并明确规定:“中华人民共和国的陆地领土包括……东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛以及其他一切属于中华人民共和国的岛屿”。1996年5月,第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议决定,批准《联合国海洋法公约》,同时声明“中华人民共和国重申对1992年2月25日颁布的《中华人民共和国领海及毗连区法》第2条所列各群岛及岛屿的主权。”

40.1996年5月,中国政府宣布中国大陆沿海由山东高角至海南岛峻壁角49个领海基点和由直线相连的领海基线,以及西沙群岛28个领海基点和由直线相连的基线,并宣布将另行公布其余领海基线。

41.1998年6月,中国颁布《中华人民共和国专属经济区和大陆架法》,确立了中国专属经济区和大陆架的基本法律制度,并明确规定:“本法的规定不影响中华人民共和国享有的历史性权利”。

42.2012年6月,国务院批准撤销海南省西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处,设立地级三沙市,管辖西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

43.中国高度重视南海生态和渔业资源保护。自1999年起,中国实施南海伏季休渔制度。截至2015年底,中国在南海共建成国家级水生生物自然保护区6处,省级水生生物自然保护区6处,总面积达269万公顷;国家级水产种质资源保护区7处,总面积达128万公顷。

44.自20世纪50年代以来,中国台湾当局一直驻守在南沙群岛太平岛,设有民事服务管理机构,并对岛上自然资源进行开发利用。

(三)中国对南海诸岛的主权得到国际社会广泛承认

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