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规模狂飙时代渐远 银行业资产负债增速创年内新低

2017-09-27 09:52:53   

多重因素作用之下,银行业同业业务持续收缩,银监会数据显示,今年8月末,同业资产、同业负债分别较年初减少3.2万亿元和1.4万亿元,同比增速分别为-13.8%和-1.6%。

李茜预计,未来一段时期内,商业银行的资产负债规模增速将继续放缓,传统业务扩张、同业业务缩减的结构调整逐步强化,资金将向实体经济进一步倾斜。

 今非昔比 股份制银行资产负债增速“垫底”

“今年一个很大的变化是,这么多年以来,国有银行的资产负债增速首次超过了股份制银行的增速。”曾刚感叹道。

不同于以往动辄15%以上、甚至一度高达30%的资产负债增速,股份制商业银行的资产负债增速如今在各类商业银行中最慢。截至8月末,股份制商业银行总资产44万亿,总负债41万亿,同比增速为7.6%、7.2%,较今年1月15.1%的资产负债增速下滑近半,也是近年来同期增速首度跌至个位数。

“相比其他银行,股份行对同业业务依赖最严重,因而受金融去杠杆的影响也最明显。”李茜表示。从上市银行来看,2016年末股份行同业负债(含同业存单)占比为31.79%,在四类银行中占比最大,高出同期上市银行平均水平(18.77%)13.02个百分点。

而随着监管一系列措施的出台,股份制商业银行同业负债和资产的规模都大幅度缩减。银监会相关负责人透露,今年以来,同业业务持续收缩,前期同业业务增速较快的中小银行下降尤为明显,其中股份制银行8月末同业资产与年初相比降幅达45%。

该负责人还表示,同业理财方面,此前业务发展过快的银行增速正逐步回归至较合理水平,股份制银行中下降幅度最大的一家银行,其理财余额较年初减少了2000多亿元。

李茜分析称,“同业资产和同业负债衔接较为紧密,同业存单、逆回购和同业理财是银行扩张同业资产的重要资金来源,股份制银行同业负债的缩减导致同业资产规模随之缩减。”

  脱虚向实 银行资产负债结构调整进行时

多年的高速增长之后,银行业资产负债扩张速度的放缓释放出怎样的信号?

“2017年商业银行资产负债增速放缓,表明规模扩张逐渐让位于结构调整,传统存贷款业务和同业业务占比一增一减是一个较为积极的信号。”李茜表示,银行资产负债同比增速今年来持续下滑,是银行业机构主动放缓业务扩张速度和结构调整的结果,主要表现为同业业务规模缩减、传统存贷款业务扩张。

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