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巴曙松:中国银行业积极转型 业务结构更为多元

2017-09-22 10:22:18   中国经济网

近年来,我国商业银行主动适应新的经济环境,推动经济转型,促进自身业务转型的努力,取得了明显的进展,整体竞争力稳步提高,对中国经济未来一段时间在新的增长平台持续稳健的增长提供金融支持的能力明显增强。

一、中国经济增长显示较强韧性,结构逐步优化。2017年,在全球主要经济体周期性回升和中国经济转型不断取得进展的共同作用下,中国的经济增长表现出了较强的韧性。与此同时,中国经济新旧动能的转换稳步推进,过去主要由地产和基建等投资拉动的粗放增长方式逐渐发生变化,随着供给侧结构性改革不断向纵深推进,产能过剩行业开始出清、集中度开始提高,消费升级逐渐成为总需求上升的主要贡献力量,这些有利的经济变化反映在中国银行业的经营指标上,就是中国银行业的盈利能力在经历了经济回落初期从高位的回落之后,进入2017年开始企稳并呈现触底回升态势。

二、银行资产质量压力缓释,跨周期管理能力得到检验。经过了近年来中国的银行主动进行行业结构调整、强化风险管理和多元资产处置的过程之后,整体银行业的不良资产形成的高峰已经过去,银行业在市场化的环境中度过了资产质量风险的考验,跨周期经营的能力得到检验和提高。根据2017年上半年末中国银监会披露的数据,行业整体不良率稳定在1.74%,部分银行和部分地区的不良资产比率已经出现双降,拨备充足对后续继续消化可能出现的不良资产、以及支持未来利润增长提供了坚实基础。

经过此轮周期的考验,中国银行业更加注重提升资产质量的战略布局能力,同时探索了不良资产转让或证券化、债转股等新型的处置方式,强化了风险化解和处置能力。从不良资产的区域形成观察,这一轮不良资产比率明显上升,发端于以浙江温州为代表的长三角地区,当时长三角地区新增的不良资产占到当年全国银行业新增不良资产的相当大的比例,经过几年来对不良资产包袱的消化和银行经营模式的转型,长三角地区的银行经营状况已经开始明显好转,不良资产比率呈现稳定回落态势。

三、中国银行业的有效监管,引导银行业逐步适应新的市场环境,有效管控了行业风险。伴随着中国银行业重组与改革的进程,中国银行业的监管体系在总结中国经验的基础上,较早地以自信的姿态与国际接轨,监管透明度不断提高、监管体系不断完备,为引导银行业适应新的市场环境提供了一个清晰的监管框架。

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