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小学教材疑崇洋贬中:中国小孩正面故事换外国名

2017-08-16 10:39:55   央广网

此外被质疑较多的是文章内容的真实性问题。《爱迪生救妈妈》,讲述的是爱迪生小时候如何聪明地帮助妈妈做急性阑尾炎手术,这一情节引发较大争议。对此,负责教材出版的人民教育出版社回应称,经核查,《爱迪生救妈妈》于2002年入选人教版语文教材,在新版教材中,将删去《爱迪生救妈妈》等有争议的文章。

教材中还出现了“学洋名,认汉字”的反常现象。例如,《窗前的气球》《卡罗尔和她的小猫》《动手做做看》等课文,都要求学生学习主人公“科利亚”“卡罗尔”“朗志万”“伊琳娜”名字中的“科”“卡”“朗”“伊”“琳”“娜”等汉字。

客观专业地分析教材问题

针对质疑,有受访者认为,应历史地、辩证地看待小学教材中存在的类似问题。

上海师范大学教授郑桂华在题为《20年来语文教材文化研究的路径及突破空间》的论文中说,语文学习的任务不单是培养学生的语言素养,还承担着青少年的文化养成和民族文化传承的使命,而这一使命,很大程度上需要以语文教材为媒介、通过阅读教学等活动来实现。我国的语文教育历来重视文化内涵,从文选类教材的本体看,教材中的每一篇“选文”都是蕴含着各类信息或教育价值的集合体。

“现在使用的部分教材,是十几年前审定通过的,一些内容确实与当下形势不相符了。但修订教材需要一个过程,不能因为部分内容有问题而否定全部,也要看到当前小学教材发挥的重要作用。”山东师大基础教育集团齐鲁实验学校小学部教务处主任孙艳梅说。

人民教育出版社表示,人教版小学语文教材共有12册,选文520余篇。涉及外国内容的有80余篇,约占15%。教材中选取了大量歌颂和赞扬祖国优秀人物的文章,如有反映革命传统的《狼牙山五壮士》、好学上进的《为中华崛起而读书》、诚实守信的《我不能失信》、关爱残疾人的《掌声》、民族团结的《文成公主进藏》、民族智慧的《赵州桥》《曹冲称象》等。

多名学生家长和教育界人士认为,语文教材中选取大量歌颂和赞扬祖国优秀人物的文章,是教材编纂者的应尽职责。小学语文教材是学习母语的基础读本,就学科特点而言其工具性重于人文性。特别是小学生,要凭借语文教材学习3000多个生字,所以,每个生字的第一次出现机会应该是符合汉语本意的场合,“科利亚”“卡罗尔”“伊琳娜”等外来词音译当然也是儿童语文学习的必要组成部分,但在生字学习上应有量的控制。

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