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为教材循环使用点赞

2017-08-12 07:17:24   中国青年网

今年暑假前,笔者上小学一年级的儿子完好地将美术、书法、音乐等几门课的教材交还给了学校。没错,确实是“交还”。

去年9月份入学不久,班主任老师就通知,为节约资源,学校倡导学生们厉行节俭,充分循环使用教材,美术、书法、音乐等几门课程的教材使用上一届学生用过的,这一做法得到全班同学和家长的响应和赞同。

笔者曾仔细查看过这些教材,与全新的几乎没有什么差别,每一页都干净整洁,不存在乱涂乱画现象。儿子拿回家后,笔者立即用牛皮纸帮着包上了书皮儿。一年过去了,班里的大多数同学都将保存完好的教材交还给学校。当然,也有极为个别的丢失或损坏情况,按照规定需要作出相应赔偿。

教辅材料循环使用值得点赞。首先,可以减少印刷量、节约资源。据统计,2016年,全国普通小学在校生9913.0万人。如果每人每学期有3册教科书循环使用,循环次数不超过3次,那么节约的印刷量将达数亿册,节约的纸张、能源等成本数量更为可观。其次,减轻了学生购买负担。据报道,在陕西西安市莲湖区,从小学一年级到六年级,按照不同年级免费教科书有7种到13种不等,免除费用从37元至76元不等。这仅是一位学生减轻的负担,全国计算下来,又是一个不小的数目。第三,有助于全社会培养绿色环保意识,践行绿色发展理念。尤其是对于小学生来说,从小养成低碳环保生活的习惯至关重要。

笔者查阅相关资料发现,我国一直积极倡导和鼓励教材循环使用的做法。比如,《义务教育法》提出,国家鼓励教科书循环使用。2007年,教育部、财政部联合印发了《关于全面实施农村义务教育教科书免费提供和做好部分教科书循环使用的意见》,规定从2008年春季学期开始,建立部分国家课程教科书的循环使用制度。2012年,教育部印发了教科书编印规范,充分考虑教科书循环使用的因素,适当调整了编排方式,使之既有利于学生学习,也便于循环使用。同时,教育部建立了中小学教材和教辅的管理办法,对教材的选用、发行和教辅的评议、推荐、代购等做了严格规定,对教材、教辅销售提成的商业贿赂行为给予有力打击,形成良好的教材征订使用环境。

一般情况下,循环使用的教材,有的学校直接发给学生保管,到学期结束时统一回收、消毒,下学期再给新生继续使用;也有的学校教材随着课堂走,老师上课发书下课收回。不管哪种方式,都是在厉行节约的合理范围内。如今,教材循环使用已经在河北、陕西、广西、宁夏、新疆等多地成为现实,受到广泛欢迎。

其实,不仅是小学,每到毕业季,许多大学校园都能看到这样的跳蚤市场:即将毕业的同学将几年来的教材、辅导类书籍等拿出来,以很低的价格出售给有需要的低年级同学,不仅本人收回一点成本,购买的同学也以低成本满足了需求,更为重要的是“变废为宝”,节约资源。

教材循环使用有如此好处,有关部门应当将成功经验细致总结,在全国范围内的更多阶段教育中加以推广,让这一勤俭节约的好做法既能充分发挥优势,又能持续下去。

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