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孙中山没指定接班人 谁把蒋介石推上权力高峰

2016-09-06 11:10:48   人民网

本文摘自《苦难辉煌》,金一南著,华艺出版社出版

马克思、爱因斯坦和弗洛依德,被认为是对当代世界产生决定性影响的三位思想巨人。

三人又都是犹太人。

对中国革命产生很大影响的也有来自共产国际和苏联的两位犹太人: 鲍罗庭,米夫。鲍罗庭在国民党中发现了蒋介石。米夫在共产党中发现了王明。

被发现的这两人,皆因此居于各自政党的高位。

很多人原以为蒋介石是孙中山选定的接班人。

于是就说,接班人选错了。

蒋介石也常以“总理惟惟一的接班人”自居。原因据说孙中山临终时口中直呼“介石”;情之深切,意之难舍,痛于言表。

可惜此说来自蒋介石自己修订的《蒋公介石年谱初稿》。

当年寸步不离孙中山病榻的床前侍卫李荣的回忆是:

“(3月11日)至晚8时30分钟止,(孙)绝终语不及私。12日晨一时, 即噤口不能言。4时30分,仅呼‘达龄’的一声,6时30分又呼‘精卫’一声,延至上午9时30分,一代伟人,竟撤手尘寰,魂归天国。”

临终的孙中山呼唤了宋庆龄,呼唤了汪精卫,却没有呼唤蒋介石。

孙中山1925年3月去世。该年7月1日,中华民国国民政府在广州成立。 所谓“总理惟一的接班人”蒋介石却既不是其中的常务委员会委员,不是国民政府委员,也不是国民党中央执行委员会委员,甚至连候补委员也不是;还只是一个没有多大影响的人物。

孙中山至其临终,也没有指定自己的接班人。

蒋介石1905年在东京由陈其美介绍就认识孙中山。但孙中山倚为股肱的军事人才,先是黄兴、陈其美,后是朱执信、邓铿、居正、许崇智,和陈炯明。陈其美殉难,孙中山说“失我长城”;朱执信病逝,孙中山说“使我失去左右手”;对陈炯明寄以厚望:“我望竞存(陈炯明)兄为民国元年之克强(黄兴), 为民国二年后之英士,我即以当时信托克强、英士者信托之。”

他依靠的不是蒋介石。所以很长一段时间,他未委派蒋重要的军事职务。

蒋首次在孙中山面前显露军事才能,是上书陈述欧战情势及反袁斗争方略,这才使孙中山对他有所注意。在陈炯明部任职期间,蒋介石又连向孙中山呈《今后南北两军行动之判断》、《粤军第二期作战计划》等意见,也仅使孙中山觉得他是个不错的参谋人才,仅此而已。

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