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流动性新规对货币基金的影响

2017-09-06 06:51:49   中国经济网

本文首发于微信公众号:基民柠檬。文章内容属作者个人观点,不代表和讯网立场。投资者据此操作,风险请自担。

9月1日,证监会发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》,自2017年10月1日起施行,很多人都关心这个新规对货币基金有什么影响,柠檬君汇总一下各方的观点再加上一些自己的思考给大家解毒解毒。

“基金管理人新设货币市场基金,拟允许单一投资者持有基金份额比例超过基金总份额 50%情形的,除应符合本规定第十四条要求外,还应当至少符合以下情形之一:(一)采用公允价值估值方法对基金组合资产进行核算估值,不得采用摊余成本法进行会计核算;(二)80%以上的基金资产需投资于现金、国债、中央银行票据、政策性金融债券以及 5 个交易日内到期的其他金融工具。”

如此一来,定制货币基金基本就行不通了,一方面收益可能会有所下降,另一方面估值方式有变化,跟债券基金接轨,投资上限制却严格得多,且短期之内可能会出现损失,不符合机构客户对于货币基金的定位,对于机构的吸引力大大下降。

当货币市场基金前 10名份额持有人的持有份额合计超过基金总份额的 50%时,货币市场基金投资组合的平均剩余期限不得超过 60天,平均剩余存续期不得超过120天;投资组合中现金、国债、中央银行票据、政策性金融债券以及5个交易日内到期的其他金融工具占基金资产净值的比例合计不得低于30%。

新基金持有人不宜集中,老基金也同样如此,持有人过于集中,就要降低组合的久期,这就会降低货币基金的收益,以往货币基金稳定的机构客户是稳压器,以后可就行不通了。

以上两条规定,打击了货币基金的规模增长,也在一定程度上影响了货币基金的收益。

“同一基金管理人所管理采用摊余成本法进行核算的货币市场基金的月末资产净值合计不得超过该基金管理人风险准备金月末余额的200倍。”

“基金管理人风险准备金不符合本规定第二十九条的,不得发起设立新的采用摊余成本法进行核算的货币市场基金与单笔认申购基金份额采用固定期限锁定持有的理财债券基金,并自下个月起将风险准备金的计提比例提高至20%以上。”

第三十七条规定“对于被认定为具有系统重要性的货币市场基金,由中国证监会会同中国人民银行另行制定专门的监管规则”。

现有的货币基金的都是摊余成本法计算净值的,遇到市场波动也不会出现净值下跌的情况,禁止新设货币基金,一方面断了新产品的路,另一方面由于上述第一项规定较为容易超标,基金公司为了避免第二项规定的惩罚,会主动控制货币基金产品的规模,实在控制不住的,自然也就断了增量的可能。根据华宝证券的测算,目前风险准备金缺口较大的基金公司为天弘基金、工银瑞信、平安大华、兴业基金、国寿安保等公司。不过大家都比较关心的余额宝,很有可能被认定为具有系统重要性的货币市场基金,被另眼相待。

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