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流动性新规或终结超大货基扩张势头

2017-09-04 09:05:58   新华网

证监会近日发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》(下称新规),10月1日起施行。相比征求意见稿,新规中大部分条款为首次提出,并专门针对货币基金制定了特别规定。新规对有着1.43万亿元规模的余额宝会带来何种影响,成为业内最为关注的焦点。对此,天弘基金独家回应上海证券报称,公司将按照相关规定贯彻落实,一如既往地把流动性管理放在最首要位置。业内人士称,可以预见的是,未来超大规模货币基金加速扩张的势头可能就此终结。

  剑指流动性风险 余额宝成关注焦点

此次出台的新规中,最引人注目的内容是针对货币基金的特别规定。相关条款主要分三类:第一类针对客户集中度较高的货币基金,对其会计核算方式、平均剩余期限与平均剩余存续期上限、流动性资产占比等方面进行规定。第二类限制货币基金投资的金融工具,包括流动性资产占比、发行主体的信用评级和投资主体集中度等。第三类意在引导货币基金规模的适度增长。

具体来看,新规要求同一管理人所管理的采用摊余成本法进行核算的货币基金,月末资产净值合计不超过风险准备金月末余额的200倍,对于管理人风险准备金不符合要求的,不仅要求不得新设货币基金和理财基金,还增加了将管理人风险准备金计提比例提升至20%以上的规定。银河证券基金研究中心总经理胡立峰表示,按此计算,截至2017年6月30日,公募基金货币基金规模是51198.06亿元,这就意味着全行业需要256亿风险准备金应对货币基金规模。

余额宝或将首当其冲。数据显示,今年上半年余额宝规模不断膨胀,从去年底的8082.93亿元猛增至1.43万亿元,半年增幅高达77%。业内人士分析,如果按照新规,天弘基金若没有提取不少于71亿的风险准备金,那么,从11月起风险准备金计提比例就将提升至20%。

不仅如此,新规第三十四条中还规定,同一基金管理人管理的全部货币基金投资同一商业银行的银行存款及其发行的同业存单与债券,不得超过该商业银行最近一个季度末净资产的10%。如果据此执行,往后以余额宝为首的货币基金流动性将进一步改善,风险隐患降低,但做高收益率的难度将明显增加。

但新规也考虑到基金的个体差异,留出了适度的调整空间。除了6个月的过渡期以外,第二十九条提出“200倍风险准备金”的同时,说明可结合基金管理人对货币基金的合规运作情况、风险管理水平与申购赎回机制安排等,适时调整前述倍数,实施差别化监管措施。第三十七条中还规定对于被认定为具有系统重要性的货币基金,由证监会会同人民银行另行制定专门的监管规则。

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