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新规“紧箍咒”:货币基金面临四大变局

2017-09-04 07:16:09   中国经济网

近日,证监会正式发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》(以下简称“流动性新规”),近10万亿元规模的开放式基金将受新规影响,产品设计、投资限制、申赎管理、估值与信息披露等方面受到系统规范和风控管理。

新规针对公募产品规模最大的货币基金的流动性风险管控做出了专门规定,多位业内人士在接受中国基金报记者采访时表示,新规的出台或让货币基金市场酝酿四大变局,货币基金规模或告别高增长时代,货币基金将告别相对较高收益,类货币基金产品将崛起,高流动性证券资产将受到市场追捧。

影响一:

货币基金规模或告别高增长时代

货币基金规模在近两年均保持高速增长势头。中国基金业协会数据显示,货币基金规模从2014年底的1.96万亿元,攀升至今年7月末的5.86万亿元,2年半时间规模扩张3.89万亿元,货币基金规模在公募总规模中占比也升至54.86%。

占据公募基金“半壁江山”的货币基金规模持续攀升,引发市场对货币基金流动性的担忧,尤其是2016年末一些货币基金大额赎回一度引发市场恐慌,而新规对货币基金资产配置、风险准备金和基金公司风控责任的强化,也有助于货币基金扎紧流动性安全的“篱笆”,提高货币基金运作的透明性和安全性。

北京一位次新公募基金公司研究员认为,新规将对货币基金规模过快增长产生遏制效应,约束力量主要来自三大因素:一是新规要求货币基金规模与风险准备金挂钩,而目前市场上存续基金有相当比例不达标,必须在规模增长与风险准备金之间抉择,部分基金公司可能主动限制申购,控制规模增长甚至是主动降规模;二是目前市场上存在大量机构持有人占比较高的货币基金,按照新规必须缩短组合剩余期限,提高流动性好且收益率偏低的利率债券配置,对机构投资者的吸引力下降,或导致货币基金的被动赎回;三是新规对货币基金持有同业存单和银行存款等资产做出限制性规定,部分超大规模货币基金投资难度增加,也将导致管理人必须主动降规模。

北京一中型公募基金公司研究部总监表示,新规主要针对超大规模货币基金(500亿以上受影响较大),预计余额宝受冲击最大。中长期看,货币基金规模的整体增速将持续下滑。

北京一家券商的债券研究员也称,当前货币基金对投资人来说是无风险的,对基金公司来说则是无限风险的。规模越大,意味着基金公司面临的风险越大。新规一定程度上会影响货币基金规模发展,但实质上帮助基金公司规避了更大的流动性风险,从而保障了持有人利益。

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