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共享单车总量控制传递了哪些信号

2017-08-29 09:05:20   中国青年网

□简单

8月3日,交通运输部等10部门联合出台了《关于鼓励和规范互联网租赁自行车发展的指导意见》,鼓励和规范共享单车发展。中旬,上海市交委称暂停新增投放共享单车,除了总量控制,还要求运营商解决违规停放车辆清理等诸多问题。

两件事情互有关联。据参与制定上述意见的专家透露,共享单车的投放数量必须引入政府宏观调控,“总量控制”将成为一种调控方式。而上海,成为第一个落实“指导意见”的城市。

考虑到摩拜单车发轫上海走向全国,而此次共享单车“总量控制”又率先在上海落地,其传递的信号就更加引人关注。

信号一,大城市共享单车过度投放,而市场没有想象中的那么大。

从共享单车的突然爆发,到遍地开花,只用了一两年的时间。以成都为例,据媒体公开报道,摩拜的累计投放量已超过20万辆。Bluegogo小蓝车的投放量预计年底将达到20万辆左右。8月21日,摩拜单车成都负责人承认,其后台大数据分析显示,成都核心区域的共享单车数量基本趋于供需平衡,摩拜单车在成都中心城区已停止投放。

在首都经贸大学产业经济研究所所长陈及看来,共享经济的发展有点儿一窝蜂,过热了,大部分企业是莽撞的进入,远远超过了合理的限度,“就好像一场丛林拼杀,每个人都想用更多钱打倒对手,把理想放在未来,但未来究竟有多大空间,又有多少人能走到那一天?没人知道。”

信号二,共享单车的发展进入下半场。政府加强监管已成定局,在“总量控制”下,共享单车竞争模式已发生质变,从拼数量转为拼精细化运营程度,客观上进入“下半场”。上海新规的益处在于,既减少路面上单车的拥堵,又能促使运营商优化存量、激活“僵尸车”,提高其调度及服务能力。

无独有偶,摩拜单车成都负责人也在近日宣布,精细化、智能化运营将是成都摩拜下阶段会强化的重点。可见,相比于盲目扩张规模圈地跑马,共享单车运营商也意识到了,维护才是共享单车未来生存的关键。

信号三,共享单车将进入垄断局面,甚至由寡头进入独家垄断时期。

赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,数不尽的单车品牌的状况,或将随着共享单车“总量控制”落地上海而成为历史。有专家认为,这是一件好事,以后或呈现出政府管平台,平台稳定市场局面,有利于整体市场的有序运作及交通效率提升。

对于共享单车,从上述指导意见来看,政府态度有两个关键词,一是鼓励,二是规范。共享单车投放规模要与城市的空间承受能力、停放设施资源、市民出行需求等相适应。实行“总量控制”,也是共享单车规范发展的应有之义。

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