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俄开始研发液化气飞机

2018-07-15 15:31:01    新华网

新华社莫斯科7月15日电(记者栾海)为加强环保,使用液化天然气(简称液化气)的汽车早已上路,那么飞机也能烧天然气吗?俄罗斯研究人员正在设计“背着”液化气罐的飞机,并进行风洞实验。

俄中央空气流体动力研究所的研究人员在飞机风洞模型的背部从前到后安装了两个托架,将一个圆柱形气罐水平安装到托架上,再把模型放入低速风洞中,检测气罐对飞机尾部方向舵、垂直尾翼或H型尾翼功效的影响。

该研究所发布的公报说,实验结果显示,这种气罐会导致飞机的升阻比和方向稳定性下降,但尚未超过一定的限度,不需要调整飞机“背”气罐布局的主要参数。

下一阶段,研究人员将模拟飞机起降时气罐的空气动力影响,并且变更飞机的某些布局以期改善其性能。研究人员认为,与航空煤油相比,液化气燃烧后的排放物对环境影响相对更小,但液化气必须低温保存在隔热的气罐中,如何使气罐与飞机性能相匹配是关键课题。

公报说,研发目标是在确定液化气飞机的最佳空气动力布局后,将其发展成客货运输机。一架这样的飞机可载50名乘客飞行约1500公里,或将6吨货物运到相距约1000公里的地方,其巡航时速可达480公里。如果计划顺利,这种液化气飞机有望替代俄用于支线运输的安-24和安-26涡轮螺旋桨飞机。

苏联曾于20世纪80年代中期开始研制液化气飞机,并于1988年用图-154客机改装成可以烧液化气的图-155,试飞了约90次。测试结果显示,液化气的燃烧热值比航空煤油高约15%,液化气的消耗水平比后者少15%。然而后续发展计划因苏联解体而中断。

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