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摆不平的经济与环保?哈尔滨的治霾“游戏”

2016-12-26 08:01:34   

全国禁止露天烧秸秆的要求在黑龙江省实施得不太理想。11月7日,环保部卫星环境应用中心检测数据显示,10月31日~11月6日,环境卫星共监测到秸秆焚烧火点756个,其中仅黑龙江省就有580个火点,占此次监测到全国火点总数的76.7%。

11月5日,哈尔滨迎来今冬以来首场降雪,约10厘米厚的积雪覆盖住了玉米地。村民告诉记者,降雪之前和开春是集中焚烧秸秆的时间点。

呼兰区康金街道大赵村位于哈绥公路西侧,距哈尔滨市区约40公里,2015年被黑龙江省环保厅、省农委、省气象局联合划定为“2015年秸秆禁烧区”范围之内。

环保督察组调查发现,哈绥高速呼兰段404公里~421公里处以及肇东市五站镇、黎明镇、姜家镇、肇东镇、巴彦县兴隆镇高速公路两侧均存在大面积焚烧秸秆现象。

11月9日,呼兰区康金街道、许堡乡政府及下辖村的多名干部因“对秸秆禁烧工作认识不足、重视不够、工作不力,造成秸秆大面积焚烧”而受到通报批评,大赵村也名列其中。

作为中国粮食主产区,黑龙江省2015年秸秆产量高达7200万吨。秸秆还田难度大是不可忽视的事实。黑龙江省秸秆产业化服务中心主任孙伟在此前接受《中国建材报》采访时表示,黑龙江秋季收获期集中、气温偏低、冬季封冻时间长、难以腐解,秸秆还田效果不佳。同时,秸秆收集增加农户作业成本,影响经济收益。

环保部此前曾发文,中央财政安排10亿元,在秸秆焚烧问题较突出的辽宁、黑龙江等10省份开展试点工作,通过政策鼓励扶持,引导农民自主自觉开展秸秆综合利用,严禁秸秆露天焚烧。2015年,哈尔滨市环保局出台《哈尔滨市2015~2017年秸秆综合利用实施方案》全面禁烧秸秆,对秸秆还田、综合利用等多个环节都设置了补贴方案,补贴政策执行期限从2015年起至2017年止。

但大赵村村长刘奉栓告诉记者,并没有人来回收秸秆,地里的秸秆也没有集中起来统一处理。以前,秸秆除了在田里焚烧外,一度还曾用于发酵生产沼气和充当燃料等。但是“现在又有电、又有气,都不烧玉米秸秆了”。

《大气污染防治法》明令禁止露天焚烧秸秆,构成犯罪的,依法可追究刑事责任。

然而聚集在供销社的村民均表示不了解具体的惩罚措施。

“下雪之前不让烧,烧了得罚。明年春天让烧也得烧,不让烧也得烧。”一个村民说。

绕不过的燃煤

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