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人民日报:美国加息对人民币冲击已透支

2016-12-16 08:20:26   人民日报海外版

那么,对人民币而言,2017年“加息靴子”又将产生什么样的影响呢?专家普遍认为,在加息预期的持续发酵下,美元近两年来累计升值幅度已经很大,未来美元有可能出现阶段性调整。与此同时,在全球不确定性因素依然很多的背景下,2017年美联储加息步伐也未必如一些市场机构宣称的那样紧。因此,看待美联储加息对人民币影响还需秉持一个理性的辩证态度。

“一方面,美元是全球最主要的储备货币和交易货币,如果未来美联储继续加息,无疑会对人民币汇率形成压力,同时牵制中国的货币政策;另一方面,美国经济如果继续走强,支撑长期利率恢复到正常水平,则有助于世界经济转暖,中国经济的外部环境也将有所改善。”周宇表示,在市场的实际运行中,由于预期的影响往往比很多事件本身更大,因此“利空出尽是利好”,人民币汇率也将继续保持平稳。

国务院发展研究中心宏观经济研究部研究员张立群认为,由于外界此前对美联储12月份的加息预期较高,加息的效果提前释放得也比较多,所以加息本身对整个国际金融市场的影响不会很明显。张立群分析,美国经济现在的复苏情况还有很多未知因素,加之美国总统换届背景下政策上也有不确定性,因此明年美联储在加息问题上会相当谨慎。

中国经济后劲十足

看外因,美联储加息冲击开始衰减;看内因,中国经济转型升级后劲十足。从根本上说,正是中国经济稳中向好的发展态势和转型升级的巨大潜力,成为了人民币强势货币属性的坚强柱石。

例如,1—11月份,中国制造业投资增长3.6%,比前十个月加快0.5个百分点,特别是11月份当月,制造业投资大幅增长8.4%。再例如,1—11月,中国服务业实际使用外资金额5133亿元人民币,同比增长8%。其中,计算机应用服务业,分销服务业,信息、咨询服务业实际使用外资同比分别增长123%、51.2%和71.9%,这无疑体现了海外资本对中国经济前景及人民币资产的信心。

索尼中国总裁高桥洋说,索尼已经在中国创立了多个研究中心,同时增加了对文化创意等新领域的投资。高桥洋认为,中国正在从生产大国转变为制造强国、质量强国,因此,索尼在制订计划时,非常注意中国的改革和经济发展情况。

“对人民币而言,尽管美国政府换届及加息周期带来了外部不确定性,但中国内部也有很多利好因素可以帮我们抵消这种冲击:首先,尽管中国经济增速相对放缓,但在全球仍属较高水平,且目前居民消费、民间投资、企业利润等诸多指标都有进一步向好的迹象。其次,作为世界贸易大国,中国每年仍拥有大量的贸易顺差,这对人民币而言无疑是很大的支持。最后,人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权(SDR)货币篮子后,海外对人民币资产配置需求增加也将成为一个趋势。”周宇判断。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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