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国办:健全农业水价形成机制 鼓励节水

2016-01-29 19:28:16   中国政府网

三、建立健全农业水价形成机制

(九)分级制定农业水价。农业水价按照价格管理权限实行分级管理。大中型灌区骨干工程农业水价原则上实行政府定价,具备条件的可由供需双方在平等自愿的基础上,按照有利于促进节水、保障工程良性运行和农业生产发展的原则协商定价;大中型灌区末级渠系和小型灌区农业水价,可实行政府定价,也可实行协商定价,具体方式由各地自行确定。加强政府定价成本监审,充分利用节水改造腾出空间,综合考虑供水成本、水资源稀缺程度以及用户承受能力等,合理制定供水工程各环节水价并适时调整。供水价格原则上应达到或逐步提高到运行维护成本水平;确有困难的地区要尽量提高并采取综合措施保障工程良性运行。水资源紧缺、用户承受能力强的地区,农业水价可提高到完全成本水平。

(十)探索实行分类水价。区别粮食作物、经济作物、养殖业等用水类型,在终端用水环节探索实行分类水价。统筹考虑用水量、生产效益、区域农业发展政策等,合理确定各类用水价格,用水量大或附加值高的经济作物和养殖业用水价格可高于其他用水类型。地下水超采区要采取有效措施,使地下水用水成本高于当地地表水,促进地下水采补平衡和生态改善。合理制定地下水水资源费(税)征收标准,严格控制地下水超采。

(十一)逐步推行分档水价。实行农业用水定额管理,逐步实行超定额累进加价制度,合理确定阶梯和加价幅度,促进农业节水。因地制宜探索实行两部制水价和季节水价制度,用水量年际变化较大的地区,可实行基本水价和计量水价相结合的两部制水价;用水量受季节影响较大的地区,可实行丰枯季节水价。

四、建立精准补贴和节水奖励机制

(十二)建立农业用水精准补贴机制。在完善水价形成机制的基础上,建立与节水成效、调价幅度、财力状况相匹配的农业用水精准补贴机制。补贴标准根据定额内用水成本与运行维护成本的差额确定,重点补贴种粮农民定额内用水。补贴的对象、方式、环节、标准、程序以及资金使用管理等,由各地自行确定。

(十三)建立节水奖励机制。逐步建立易于操作、用户普遍接受的农业用水节水奖励机制。根据节水量对采取节水措施、调整种植结构节水的规模经营主体、农民用水合作组织和农户给予奖励,提高用户主动节水的意识和积极性。

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