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推进农业供给侧结构性改革<br>培育农业农村发展新动能(社论)

2016-12-21 10:13:28   

刚刚闭幕的中央农村工作会议,是继中央经济工作会议之后,中央召开的又一次重要会议。这次会议深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于“三农”工作的重要讲话精神,深刻分析当前农业农村形势,全面部署2017年农业农村工作,强调以推进农业供给侧结构性改革为主线,加快培育农业农村发展新动能,开创农业现代化建设新局面。这对于统一思想,深化认识,做好明年和今后一个时期的“三农”工作具有十分重要的意义。

“三农”向好,全局主动。今年农业农村发展继续保持稳中有进的良好态势,农业结构调整迈出重要步伐,农村新产业新业态蓬勃发展,农村重要领域和关键环节改革深入推进,农村民生持续改善,农村社会保持和谐稳定。今年是打赢脱贫攻坚战的首战之年,精准扶贫、精准脱贫力度空前加大,全年1000万人的脱贫任务有望超额完成。这些成绩为我们应对经济下行压力、做好全局工作提供了有力支撑。

但必须清醒地看到,在经济发展新常态下,当前,农业农村发展还面临着很多困难和挑战。农民收入增速放缓,农业结构调整难度加大,放松“三农”工作的倾向有所抬头。我国农业农村发展的内在动因和外部环境正在发生重大而深刻的变化,正进入结构升级、方式转变、动力转换的平台期,“三农”工作到了逆水行舟、爬坡过坎的攻坚期。只有积极进取,农业才能再上新台阶,一旦松劲,就可能陷入停滞徘徊,甚至滑坡倒退。必须始终坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重不动摇,重农强农调子不能变、力度不能减,不断延续发展农业农村好形势。

新形势下,我国农业主要矛盾由总量不足转变为结构性矛盾,突出表现为阶段性供过于求和供给不足并存,矛盾的主要方面在供给侧,并且主要是结构性、体制性的问题。推进农业供给侧结构性改革,提高农业综合效益和竞争力,是当前和今后一个时期我国农业政策改革和完善的主要方向。要在确保国家粮食安全的基础上,紧紧围绕市场需求变化,以增加农民收入、保障有效供给为主要目标,以提高农业供给质量为主攻方向,以体制改革和机制创新为根本途径,优化农业产业体系、生产体系、经营体系,提高土地产出率、资源利用率、劳动生产率,促进农业农村发展由过度依赖资源消耗、主要满足“量”的需求,向追求绿色生态可持续、更加注重满足“质”的需求转变。

推进农业供给侧结构性改革,要把增加绿色优质农产品供给放在突出位置,把农业结构调好调顺调优。要适应市场需求,优化产品结构;发展适度规模经营,优化经营结构;立足比较优势,优化区域结构;加快科技创新,增强农业发展动能;促进融合发展,优化产业结构;推行绿色生产方式,集中治理农业环境突出问题,促进农业可持续发展。要紧紧围绕使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用,推进粮食等重要农产品价格形成机制和收储制度改革,深化农村产权制度改革,改革财政支农投入使用机制,加快农村金融创新,健全农村创业创新机制。要通过加快深化农村改革,全面激活市场、激活要素、激活主体,为农业供给侧结构性改革注入强大动力。

推进农业供给侧结构性改革是一个长期过程,处理好政府和市场关系、协调好各方面利益,面临许多重大考验,必须直面困难和挑战,坚定不移推进改革,勇于承受改革阵痛,尽力降低改革成本,积极防范改革风险,确保粮食生产能力不降低、农民增收势头不逆转、农村稳定不出问题。

推进农业供给侧结构性改革是“三农”领域的一场深刻变革,改革的方向已明,底线已定。农村改革是靠尊重基层创造取得成功的,推进农业供给侧结构性改革,要继续用好这个法宝。要尊重基层实践,鼓励农民创造,努力营造改革创新的宽松氛围。

明年是实施“十三五”规划的重要一年和推进供给侧结构性改革的深化之年,我们要认真贯彻落实党的十八届六中全会精神,全面加强和改进党对“三农”工作的领导,切实把认识和行动统一到中央的决策部署上来,把农业农村工作的重心转移到推进农业供给侧结构性改革上来,坚定信心,奋发进取,以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。


  《 人民日报 》( 2016年12月21日 01 版) (责编:乔雪峰、夏晓伦)

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