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国务院就与菲律宾的南海争议发表白皮书(全文)

2016-07-13 10:37:14   新华网

108.黄岩岛是中国固有领土,中国持续、和平、有效地对黄岩岛行使着主权和管辖。

109.1997年之前,菲律宾从未对黄岩岛属于中国提出异议,从未对黄岩岛提出领土要求。1990年2月5日,菲律宾驻德国大使比安弗尼多致函德国无线电爱好者迪特表示:“根据菲律宾国家地图和资源信息局,斯卡伯勒礁或黄岩岛不在菲律宾领土主权范围以内。”

110.菲律宾国家地图和资源信息局1994年10月28日签发的《菲律宾共和国领土边界证明书》表示,“菲律宾共和国的领土边界和主权由1898年12月10日签署的《巴黎条约》第3条确定”,并确认“菲律宾环境和自然资源部通过国家地图和资源信息局发布的第25号官方地图中显示的领土界限完全正确并体现了真实状态”。如前所述,《巴黎条约》和另外两个条约确定了菲律宾的领土界限,中国黄岩岛明显位于这一界限以外。第25号官方地图反映了这一事实。在1994年11月18日致美国无线电协会的信中,菲律宾无线电爱好者协会写道,“一个非常重要的事实是,(菲律宾)有关政府机构申明,基于1898年12月10日签署的《巴黎条约》第3条,斯卡伯勒礁就是位于菲律宾领土边界之外。”

111.1997年4月,菲律宾一改其领土范围不包括黄岩岛的立场,对中国无线电运动协会组织的国际联合业余无线电探险队在黄岩岛的探险活动进行跟踪、监视和干扰,甚至不顾历史事实,声称黄岩岛在菲律宾主张的200海里专属经济区内,因此是菲律宾领土。对此,中国曾多次向菲律宾提出交涉,明确指出,黄岩岛是中国固有领土,菲律宾的主张是无理、非法和无效的。

112.2009年2月17日,菲律宾国会通过9522号共和国法案,非法将中国黄岩岛和南沙群岛部分岛礁划为菲律宾领土。就此,中国即向菲律宾进行交涉并发表声明,重申中国对黄岩岛和南沙群岛及其附近海域的主权,任何其他国家对黄岩岛和南沙群岛的岛屿提出领土主权要求,都是非法的、无效的。

113.2012年4月10日,菲律宾出动“德尔·皮拉尔”号军舰,闯入中国黄岩岛附近海域,对在该海域作业的中国渔民、渔船实施非法抓扣并施以严重非人道待遇,蓄意挑起黄岩岛事件。中国即在北京和马尼拉多次对菲律宾提出严正交涉,对菲律宾侵犯中国领土主权和伤害中国渔民的行径表示强烈抗议,要求菲律宾立即撤出一切船只和人员。与此同时,中国政府迅速派出海监和渔政执法船只前往黄岩岛,维护主权并对中国渔民进行救助。2012年6月,经中国多次严正交涉,菲律宾从黄岩岛撤出相关船只和人员。

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