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市场化步入第二年 玉米价格谁说了算

2017-09-26 09:52:54   中国经济网

大连北方国际粮食物流股份有限公司总经理冯吉龙也认为,推广燃料乙醇将对玉米市场产生深远影响,当前玉米需求的亮点在深加工业,而长远亮点在燃料乙醇业。

政策

临储玉米仍待消化 补贴幅度受到关注

目前,我国玉米市场仍处在由“政策市”向“市场市”转化的阶段。在这一阶段,政策依然在发力。

临储玉米由于库存较大,其对市场的影响短期内很难消除。从临储玉米成交价格、数量等情况分析,出库数量、出库时间等因素左右着玉米价格的涨跌。在其被消化完毕前,玉米价格预计表现平稳,大幅涨跌的机会不多。

王晓辉认为,政策主导着市场预期,包括生产、消费、物流等方面。从基本面来看,玉米市场依然处在政策市的环境中。政策推动下的区域性面积增减成为影响价格走势的重要因素。

9月中旬,国家粮食局在内蒙古呼和浩特召开全国秋粮收购工作会议。从会议内容来看,新产玉米上市后,有关机构正积极引导多元化市场主体入市收购。不过,产区政府是否对收购者进行补贴、东北产玉米外运是否还可以获得运费优惠以及针对种植玉米的农民如何发放补贴等,截至当前并没有确切的消息出现,上述因素对玉米价格的影响却是值得重视的。

价格

目前处于较低水平 市场预期筑底上涨

行业人士已经对国内玉米市场的供需关系形成了较为统一的看法,市场看涨气氛偏浓。

站在农民的立场考虑,去年谁出售玉米早谁挣钱少,加上今年临储政策对市场的冲击力已不复存在,农民出售玉米的心理预计较为平稳。新玉米上市后,农民急于卖粮的现象会减少,低价玉米资源肯定没有去年多,玉米收购成本整体将提高。

站在小商贩、烘干塔经营者的立场考虑,收好粮、存干粮风险更小。新玉米上市后,这部分主体会积极入市收购,并会适量囤积一部分玉米,这将令新产玉米集中上市的冲击力减弱。

目前,大中型贸易商、深加工企业的生产经营用玉米库存不高,大型粮库的贸易用玉米数量有限。市场人士预计,在新产玉米上市后,这部分玉米市场的主力军将全力一赴地收购,并大量囤积。届时,玉米价格将走高。

王晓辉认为,国内玉米价格已经开始筑底上涨,天气因素会不时扮演推波助澜的角色。

“改革方向明确、加工养殖发力、企业复产扩量、补库需求集中、农户看涨、面积下调很值得关注。”王晓辉说,玉米深加工产能开始了新一轮的扩张。初步统计,在国家发布燃料乙醇生产的政策前,东北地区新增玉米深加工项目13个,产能超过1100万吨。而受燃料乙醇消费政策的推动,未来玉米工业用量将持续增加。此外,养殖业北移会令未来3年东北地区生猪养殖规模继续增长。

“随着去库存的推进,运行重心会逐步抬高。”冯吉龙认为,玉米价格回到10年前的水平,目前处在相对低价,今年玉米的定价权预计掌握在深加工企业手里,一旦他们出价,市场就很可能接受。

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