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市场化债转股取得良好开局 77家企业签署框架协议逾1.3万亿元

2017-09-26 07:17:54   中国经济网

国家发改委昨日表示,经过各地方、各部门、各市场主体积极行动、主动作为,降杠杆综合性措施取得初步进展。市场化债转股取得良好开局。

截至9月22日,各类实施机构已与77家企业签署市场化债转股框架协议金额超过1.3万亿元。依法破产推动市场出清力度加大。2016年全国法院新受理破产案件数量比上年上升53.8%,今年1月份至7月份,全国法院共受理公司强制清算类和破产类案件4700件,与去年同期相比稳步上升。现代企业制度建设迈出新步伐,国企改革形成1+N政策文件体系,各项改革措施正在落实。股权融资规模和份额进一步扩大。

截至7月末,股权融资金额余额6.3万亿元,较上年同期增加1.05万亿元,占社会融资总量3.75%,比上年同期提高0.21个百分点。

据悉,在降杠杆各项途径综合作用下,我国企业杠杆率呈现稳中趋降的态势,债务风险趋于下降。

总杠杆率上升速度明显放缓,正趋于稳定。根据国际清算银行(BIS)最新数据,截至2017年一季度末,我国总体杠杆率为257.8%,同比增幅较上季度末下降4.7个百分点,连续4个季度保持下降趋势;环比增幅较上季度末下降0.8个百分点,连续5个季度保持下降趋势。

同时,企业杠杆率已开始下降。根据BIS最新数据,2017年一季度末我国非金融企业杠杆率为165.3%,连续3个季度环比下降或持平,非金融企业杠杆率下降趋势进一步确立。

我国信贷/GDP缺口也保持下降。根据BIS最新数据,截至2017年一季度末,我国信贷/GDP缺口22.1%,较2016年末降低2.4个百分点,已连续4个季度下降,显示我国潜在债务风险正趋于减轻。

我国微观杠杆率也呈下降趋势。截至今年7月末,我国规模以上工业企业资产负债率55.8%,同比下降0.7个百分点,企业资产负债率过高的问题在逐步缓解。

实体经济效益快速改善。工业企业走出结构性通缩阴影,市场需求回暖,规模以上工业企业主营业务收入利润率提高到6%以上,利润增速高达20%,企业发展信心和动力增强。

国家发改委称,下一步,将按照党中央国务院决策部署,突出重点,全力推动降杠杆及防范化解潜在债务风险工作取得更大成效。

一是把国有企业降杠杆率作为主攻方向。加快完善国有企业现代治理结构,推动国有企业混合所有制改革,研究建立严格的分行业负债率警戒线管控制度,以体制机制逐步降低国有企业杠杆率。

二是把僵尸企业出清作为降杠杆的重要途径,坚决去除无效杠杆。积极探索僵尸企业债务有效处置方式。完善激励约束机制,切实破除“僵尸企业”僵而不死的各类障碍,推动通过市场化法治化方式实现“僵尸企业”“安乐死”,以提高资源使用效率。

三是推动市场化债转股进一步发挥综合性作用。继续完善和落实各领域支持政策,引导相关实施机构通过市场化法治化方式筛选有发展前景的高负债企业实施债转股,使债转股成为降低企业杠杆率的一件利器,并以债转股为契机推动企业尤其是国有企业改革改组改制,促进企业实现股权多元化和治理结构的进一步完善。

四是进一步支持企业兼并重组。充分发挥资本市场并购主渠道作用,推动企业兼并重组,加强资源整合,发展规模经济,实施减员增效,提高综合竞争力。

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