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“霸王条款”藏身格式合同欺瞒消费者

2017-09-22 07:37:34   中国经济网

汽车销售领域不公平格式条款包括五条:厂家停机检修造成甲方不能按时交车,可不视为甲方违约;如需方原因不能按订单合同约定时间提车的,应及时与供方协商新的交车时间,否则供方则认为需方违约,扣除预付定金的20%作为违约金;任何未在本公司特约销售服务店进行定期保养及修理的车辆,将失去保修权利;4S店在进口私家车预售合同中约定无质量问题不退不换,此车为美规车无质保;贷款买车贷款期间在本4S店内的合作保险公司购买保险,并且缴纳一定数额的“续保押金”,如果贷款期间没有在4S店购买保险押金将不予退还。

公用事业领域不公平格式条款包括三条:用户每年在供暖前的规定时限内办理续停或停暖手续,过期恕不予办理;用气方充值的IC卡丢失,补办IC卡需缴纳相应的补卡费,未充入一定气量,供气方不予补偿等;乙方如不参加保险,造成用气的家内漏气事故,甲方概不负责。

物业服务领域不公平格式条款包括三条:业主需要进行室内装修时,应经物业部门同意,并缴纳足额的装修保证金后方可施工;消费者不交或者晚交物业费,物业公司不予卖电、卖水、卖门禁卡;业主领取购房钥匙未入住,物业公司强制收取物业费。

消费者处于弱势维权难度大

新疆大学法学院副教授杨为程表示,这15条“霸王条款”在全国各地普遍存在。消费者在消费过程中遭遇“霸王条款”,在与商家协商无效的情况下,可拨打12315举报,也可向消协、工商部门以及相关行政部门投诉。

杨为程认为,由于隐秘“霸王条款”消费者并不熟知,为此,工商部门应当进一步加强消费者权益保护法、合同法等法律法规的宣传,开展满足消费者需求、发挥消费引领的教育引导工作。

“消费者处于弱势地位,加之‘霸王条款’司空见惯,消费者个人维权难度大。”杨为程说。

新疆维吾尔自治区工商局副局长董琳透露,自治区工商部门已通过多种途径向商家说明,涉及不公平条款的经营者和行业要在10月1日前予以改正,对拒不改正的,全区各级工商部门将依照自治区合同格式条款监督条例、合同违法行为监督处理办法等规定进行处理。消费者如遇到这些条款,可向工商或其他行政主管部门进行投诉、举报。

“由于‘霸王条款’涉及多个领域,仅凭工商部门无法独立完成行政执法。”杨为程说,要建立“大维权”社会化协同共治机制,完善制度措施,加强部门的合作配合,以“消费者为先导”,把维护消费者合法权益落到实处。

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