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棉纺“三杰”织云裳 产业腊月不畏寒

2017-08-28 09:46:59   新华网

李婕进一步表示,目前棉价处于一年以来相对高位附近,同时从近期来看,价格走势基本企稳,在需求未明显好转的情况下,预计未来上行空间将有限。加上价格向下游传导具有滞后性,2017年以来下游产品价格有所提升,通过向下游传导,有利于企业缓解用棉成本提升带来的利润压缩。此外,棉花期货、棉纱期货、PTA期货将构建比较完备的纺织原料期货品种体系,棉纺企业可利用棉纱与棉花的跨品种对冲交易锁定加工利润。

上市公司积极参与期货交易

自2004年棉花期货推出后,部分棉纱产业链上市公司积极参与棉花期货交易,有效控制了棉花价格成本波动风险。如华孚色纺、孚日股份、联发股份等较早参与了棉花期货交易,不仅锁定了部分棉花价格成本波动,还采取多项措施进行衍生品交易风险控制。

据李婕介绍,从历史数据来看,华孚色纺等公司通过棉花期货交易有效控制了市场风险,目前也基本实现了盈利。如华孚色纺2016年底棉花期货、远期外汇等衍生品投资金额为2095.59万元,当年实现收益189.78万元,2015年棉花期货实现收益690.82万元。

此外,从棉花期货运行情况看,自2004年6月份上市,经过十多年来发展,棉花品种越来越成熟、活跃,日均成交量从每天几万手到现在的20万手,持仓量日均也维持30多万手。另外从期货和现货价格相关系来看,近年来整体运行比较稳定,有的年度甚至能高达0.9,低的时候也基本上维持0.7、0.8,棉花基差变化也越来越规律,这也为棉花产业客户参与棉花期货提供一个比较好的市场环境。

程杰表示,储备棉成交量和基差变化的关联度也特别强。8月份以后,储备棉交易量比较大,这在很大程度上是与基差变化有关。基差比较大时,贸易商在储备棉上进行采购,同时在期货市场做套保的企业也会比较多。“棉花期货对于产业来说,前几年的时候,金融属性、投资属性会比较强,现在产业客户借助于期货做一些基差交易、套期保值的作用在逐渐显现,这也为将来期货和现货价格能够有更理性、更平稳的运行提供基础,参与的产业客户越多,期现货价格联动就会越明显。”

“从参与棉花期货交易的公司看,毛利率波动相对较小,棉花期货对原料价格波动有一定控制作用。”李婕表示,由于棉花期货是全市场交易出的价格,代表性强,对下游棉纱定价有显著影响。而棉纱期货尚处上市初期,且国际上尚无成熟经验可借鉴,产业链上的企业需要时间来研究棉纱期货的价格决定机制以及具体交易细则,预计短期内上市公司仍以观望和试探性操作为主。但随着行业对金融工具的接受度和熟悉度持续提高,棉纱与棉花间的价格联动将更为紧密,棉价波动向下游传导更为迅速,未来上市公司作为行业龙头有望积极利用棉纱期货实现套期保值、风险管理等目的,有助于棉纱期货发挥定价、调节供需等功能。

“目前,华孚色纺、新野纺织、孚日股份入选棉纱期货交割厂库,未来有望依托厂库优势率先进入棉纱期货市场,预计未来将有更多棉纺上市公司参与棉纱期货交易。”李婕表示。(记者 马爽)

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