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央企混改进入落地窗口期 开启十万亿级国资证券化空间

2017-07-05 10:27:30   经济参考报

进展 多个混改标志性项目亮相

中央企业混改速度明显加快。根据国资委统计,2016年新增混合所有制改革项目数同比增长45.6%。截至2017年3月底,省级国资委监管各级企业中混合所有制企业数量较2016年底增长3%。

截至2017年3月底,126家省级国资委监管的一级企业集团层面完成了混合所有制改革,中央企业二级子企业混合所有制企业户数占比达到22.5%。

“在石油、天然气、电力、铁路、民航、电信、军工等行业和领域,选择19家企业开展重点领域混合所有制改革试点,实现了向社会资本放开竞争性业务。”国资委副秘书长彭华岗对《经济参考报》记者表示。

记者了解到,在前两批19家试点企业中,已确定的有中船集团、联通集团、东航集团、南方电网、哈电集团、中国核建等六家央企。据悉,中国航空集团、中粮集团、中国兵器装备集团、中国兵器工业集团、中国船舶重工集团、中国电力建设集团等央企也都在积极制定混改方案。

实际上,上半年已有多个混改标志性项目亮相。央企层面,6月19日,东航集团宣布让出东航物流的绝对控股权,联想控股、德邦物流、绿地、普洛斯等四大投资方及企业核心员工持股层合计拿下55%股权,这是首批推进的“七大领域混合所有制改革试点”在民航业的首例落地。5月31日,宝武集团对旗下欧冶云商启动混改,引入多家投资者及员工持股计划,持股比例降至72%。4月,中粮集团发布金融板块专业化公司中粮资本的混改项目,拟通过“增资+售股”,引入社会资本和员工持股。4月22日,中国国航公告,发改委已批复控股股东中国航空集团公司进行航空货运物流板块的混合所有制改革,将涉及上市公司。

地方国企层面,一个典型案例是云南白药,据上市公司6月7日公告,其控股股东白药控股拟通过增资引入江苏鱼跃科技发展有限公司,交易后,云南省国资委、新华都及江苏鱼跃分别持有白药控股45%、45%及10%的股权。

“越来越多的竞争性企业在混改中进一步调整股权比例,促进企业形成了有效制衡的法人治理结构。同时,通过探索实施经理层市场化选聘和身份转换、员工持股等,推动企业形成了灵活高效的市场化经营机制。”彭华岗表示。

预期 国企资产证券化有望全面提速

从混改路径看,一是资产证券化,二是通过增资扩股、股权转让等方式与民资混合,三是国企内部的员工持股。中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦表示,上半年的混改从上述三方面同时推进,比较集中的是资产证券化,且未来随着公司制改革完成,资产证券化有望提速。

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