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地方高校转型应强化应用理念
2017-09-08 08:32:26 中国青年网
增强为经济社会发展服务的能力
从发达国家高等教育发展历程来看,高等教育处于精英阶段时的“同质化”特征,到了大众化阶段后,为与经济增长、产业结构相适应,实现了结构优化和高等学校多样化。我国高等教育大众化显然没有完成这一任务。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》、《高等学校创新能力提升计划》、《关于全面提高高等教育质量的若干意见》等文件陆续颁布,要求今后我国高等教育的发展任务要以全面提高质量为重点,更加注重提高人才培养质量、提升科学研究水平、增强社会服务能力,特别要求高等学校优化结构办出特色。
在此新阶段,职业教育作为适应经济社会发展需要、全面提高教育质量、优化教育结构的突破口,地位和作用更加突出。在加快发展职业教育的过程中,应用技术大学作为现代职业教育的本科层次,是亟待建设的学校类型。教育部、国家发展改革委和财政部根据《关于加快发展现代职业教育的决定》和《现代职业教育体系建设规划(2014-2020)》,研究制定了《关于引导部分地方普通本科高校向应用型转变的指导意见》,紧紧围绕创新驱动发展、中国制造2025、“互联网+”、大众创业万众创新、“一带一路”等国家重大战略,找准转型发展的着力点、突破口,真正增强地方高校为区域经济社会发展服务、为行业企业技术进步服务、为学习者创造价值的能力。同时,配合地方高校转型发展,教育部还积极推动高校招生考试制度、研究生分类体系等领域的改革。
就我省而言,地方高校转型发展不仅是发展方向的战略调整,更是大学治理模式的深刻变革。一方面,我省应在继续推进高等教育管理体制和投资体制改革的基础上,进一步深化高等教育办学体制改革,赋予高校更大的自主权。另一方面,地方高校应充分发挥基层创新的积极作用,以更好地服务经济社会发展为导向,破除对传统高等教育管理模式的路径依赖,加强大学内部治理结构的完善和改革,建设符合自身实际的现代大学制度。在立足自身改革与发展的同时,积极争取更多外部资源,协调中央政府资金支持,扩大高等教育领域开放,加强国际交流与合作,提升我省地方高校的竞争力和服务地区经济社会发展的能力。⑩6
(作者系省政府发展研究中心副研究员)
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