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小区物业纠纷增多曝诸多管理难题

2017-09-07 03:21:41   中国青年网

记者以业主的身份进行暗访,也是同样的遭遇。

小区公共收益在法律上是究竟如何界定的?业主是否享有知情权?物业公司是否应该向业主公示、告知?

围绕这些问题,记者采访了西南政法大学民商法学院教授黄忠。黄忠说,按照物权法第七十三条的规定,除非是城镇公共绿地、公共道路或者明示属于个人所有,否则建筑区划内的其他公共场所、公用设施和物业服务用房,属于业主共有。物权法第八十二条规定,物业服务企业根据业主的委托管理建筑区划内的建筑物及其附属设施,并接受业主的监督。这意味着,公共收益属于业主共有,业主享有对公共收益的知情权。

业委会主张集体权利

知情权属于个人权利

业主实现知情权想来不是什么难事,然而在现实生活中却举步维艰,即便是大型房企物业也在推诿和回绝。记者在调查中发现,一些物业公司将不公开、不公示的原因推给业主委员会。

珠江太阳城小区物业一方面说自己没有公示义务,一方面又说即便要了解情况也要通过业主委员会或20%以上的业主联名,不单独答复一位业主。龙湖春森彼岸小区物业也提到因为龙湖的小区都没有业主委员会,所以业主要查账需聘请第三方独立审计机构。金科物业则表示公共收益都是业委会在负责,他们什么都不知道,同时表示他们只收过物业管理费,并没有收过广告费之类的费用。

按照这些物业公司的答复,很多业主不理解,难道不通过业主委员会,业主就什么权利都不能行使?

最近,重庆市渝北区人民法院发布了物业服务纠纷典型案例,渝北区法院民四庭庭长黄青松在接受《法制日报》记者采访时说,业委会在法律上的地位的确非常重要,因为在物业管理合同、物业服务合同中,业主的权利是属于全体业主的集体权利而非个人权利,需要业委会或业主大会主张才行,不能由个人进行主张。

然而,尴尬的是,目前重庆的多数小区都没有业主委员会。业委会成立之难是物业管理的又一痛点。

黄青松说:“我们很多街道社区都开展了组织成立业委会的工作,前期宣传发动工作都做了,最后选举时业主却不来,业主对个人权利的漠视是导致业委会缺位的一个重要原因。”

另外,业主之间利益不完全统一,有的业主担心业委会成员侵占利益,“各人自扫门前雪”等想法以及诸多现实问题导致业委会的成立一直面临困境。

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