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“琉璃万顷”抚仙湖

2017-08-22 04:17:08   中国青年网

危机四伏抚仙湖

虽然今天的抚仙湖水依然是“琉璃万顷”,虽然环湖周边的澄江、江川、华宁三县为保护抚仙湖付出了巨大努力,但污染问题依然困扰着抚仙湖。“抚仙湖保护治理面临更加严峻的形势,生态风险压力日益加大。”玉溪市抚仙湖管理局副局长杨丽红如是说。

走在村庄农田密集的抚仙湖北岸,肉眼可见碧蓝的湖水已略显浑浊,水面已出现一片淡淡的黄色。在污水收集处理已经比较完善的禄充风景区附近的岸边,覆盖在沙石上的墨绿色蓝藻十分醒目。“一下大雨,全村的污水不可能完全收集处理。”张亚雄坦率地承认说,目前,环湖生活、农业、旅游产生的污水还不能全面收集处理,极大威胁着抚仙湖的生态安全。

抚仙湖的生态环境极为脆弱,汇水面积小且无外流域补水,理论上换水周期长达250年,环湖周边都是石漠化地区,径流区森林覆盖率低,水土流失严重,尤其是2009年起连续5年大旱,抚仙湖水位下降2米多,10年内难以恢复正常水位,湖泊自净能力明显下降。环湖地区还常有单位和村民从湖中取水。

2013年,抚仙湖岸边兴起的旅游地产热潮经媒体曝光后一度得到遏制,但至今没有完全解决。记者在抚仙湖东北岸一带看到,几年前建成的太阳山下湖边的高尔夫球场依然正常管理维护,太阳山附近的环湖路两侧的樱花谷地产项目正在热火朝天地施工。

虽然困难重重,但云南省保护抚仙湖的进程正在加快,在管理机制上进行了许多创新。玉溪市从2013年开始就在流入抚仙湖的主要河道实行河长制,由市领导任河长。今年以来,省委书记陈豪亲自担任全省总河长和抚仙湖河长,强势推进抚仙湖保护治理。抚仙湖周边原分别属澄江、江川、华宁三县管辖,2016年年初,玉溪市将属三县辖区的抚仙湖径流区的12个行政村3.88万人统一委托澄江县管理,实行统一保护统一开发,有效解决了“分县而治、九龙治水”的弊端。

(本报记者 张勇)

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