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中国金融业开放“蹄疾步稳”

2017-08-22 04:16:53   中国青年网

图片说明

图①:中国出口信用保险公司承保的用以出口新加坡的深水海工重吊船。

图②:花旗银行在中国设立的驾车速提自动柜员机。

图③:上海一处写字楼前外资金融机构招牌林立。

图④:设立在美国的中国银行纽约分行一角。

图⑤:“沪港通”在上海和香港两地同时鸣锣。

(以上图片均源自网络)

不久前,国务院印发《关于促进外资增长若干措施的通知》,其中关于在银行业、证券业、保险业等金融领域减少外资准入限制的表述引起了海内外广泛关注。在此之前,中央财经领导小组第十六次会议亦指出,扩大金融业对外开放是中国对外开放的重要方面。专家表示,金融是现代经济的核心,发挥着优化资源配置、融通存量要素供需的重要作用。改革开放以来,中国金融业的开放循序渐进、成果卓著,保持了开放节奏与风险防控的良好平衡。未来,随着中国经济以全新的结构和姿态融入世界,中国金融业开放将更加“蹄疾步稳”。

1 竞争活力 持续提升

在现代市场经济中,金融业居于重要的枢纽地位,小到个人存款理财、大到企业融资扩大再生产,都离不开金融。伴随着市场经济的快速发展,中国金融业在改革开放中经历了深刻变化。

如今,在中国不少城市的街头,人们都会看到花旗、汇丰、渣打、摩根大通、三井住友、法兴等外资银行的招牌。截至2016年12月末,外资银行已在华设立39家法人机构、121家母行直属分行和166家代表处,机构数量持续增加,营业性机构总数达到1000多个,分布在全国70个城市。

最初,外资银行主要从事与母国相关的联络、市场调查、咨询等活动。随着中国开放政策的深入,外资银行在华业务由外币延伸至人民币项下,经营范围也日益宽泛。

针对开放外国银行来华的影响,有研究表明,外资银行进入程度与中资银行效率水平正相关,外资银行的进入改善了中国银行市场竞争条件。具体来看,一是加强行业竞争,提高金融服务质量和可获得性;二是促进银行监管理念和手段的完善;三是提高了中国金融市场与国际资本市场的接触程度。

无独有偶,作为专门负责风险配置的保险业也从开放中获得了活力。据了解,如今对于外资保险公司而言,除不得经营法定保险业务以及设立寿险公司必须采取合资形式以外,基本没有明确的其他限制。目前,中国已成为世界第三大保险市场,越来越多的外资保险公司纷纷将区域总部迁至中国。

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