新闻
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China

哈佛藏黄册的重要价值

2017-08-21 05:16:27   中国青年网

早在宣德八年,周忱就上奏《加耗折征例》,在江南施行了“正米”与“耗米”相结合的“平米法”赋税改革。他提出的“加耗”办法有“论粮加耗和论田加耗法”两种(唐文基:《明代赋役制度史》,中国社会科学出版社1991年版,第132页)。到嘉靖后期至万历前期,据唐文基研究,南方的宁国、应天、镇江三府及浙江、福建、江西等地,均出现了“官民一则起科的改革”,而与扬州府紧邻的松江府,隆庆之后也逐步实现了从“论田加耗”到“官民一则”起科的转变(《明代赋役制度史》,第179—183页)。《韵学集成》等纸背黄册就时间范围而言,与唐文基所言大略相当,但该黄册却反映出,扬州地区的科则与南方各地不尽相同,甚至与相邻的“松江府”也不一致。这一时期的扬州地区,科则依然众多,尚未出现“官民一则”的现象,但却出现了统一加耗的情况,而此加耗的方法,既非论粮,亦非论田。这反映出,这一时期扬州地区的赋税征收自有其特点,但似乎也表现出了统一的趋势。《韵学集成》等纸背黄册无疑为我们了解这些情况提供了珍贵史料。

其二,展现了黄册中军户、匠户、灶户等人户的登记实态。对于明代黄册所载人户的情况,栾成显指出:“各里黄册虽亦称民黄册,但实际上载有各种户籍的人户。”(《明代黄册研究(增订本)》,中国社会科学出版社2007年版,第33页)然而,此前已知的传世黄册,对民户以外的“人户”却鲜有记载,而《韵学集成》等纸背黄册在这方面恰恰提供了丰富的资料。

除普通民户外,《韵学集成》等纸背黄册中还记载了不少“军户”信息,相关文书共20多页。如第二册第36页背第1至6行所载:“(前缺)隶扬州府泰州如皋县县市西厢第壹里军户,有祖吴遵与本厢力籍吴进合军,于吴元年克取苏州,收集充军。洪武叁年起,调虎贲左卫右所百户贾通下军,正德贰年解吴洋补役逃回,嘉靖元年仍解原吴洋补役,充万历贰年甲首。”由此可知,此件黄册的户头为军户吴洋,这里不仅记载其所属的具体厢里、户籍类别,还载录其从军来历,及其本人从军的时间、缘由、充任甲首的时间等信息。由此看来,作为军户的吴洋和普通民户相似,均需纳入里甲正役的编次之中,而较之普通民户的登记,黄册对军户的登记显得更为复杂。除此之外,黄册对军户吴洋的人丁、事产等的登记与一般民户并无二致。

除登记“军户”外,《韵学集成》等纸背黄册还载有很多“匠户”“皮匠户”“木匠户”“军铸匠户”“军木匠户”以及“灶户”等户籍的人户。包含以上人户的黄册册籍,在此之前鲜有所见,《韵学集成》等纸背文献展现了这些特殊人户在黄册中的真实登记状态。这对于明代黄册制度以及军户、匠户、灶户等户籍研究的价值和意义不言而喻。

上一页2/3下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170821/31139458_2.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/05 15:51:21

Powered by China
China