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“标准化医生”是怎么炼成的?(聚焦·住院医师成长追踪(下))

2017-08-11 06:33:42   中国青年网

中国医师协会会长张雁灵认为,在借鉴上海行业人成功做法和国外有益经验的情况下,可积极探索住院医师以社会人身份参培的改革试点。

培训基地能否同质化?

将集中式评估变为全年不间断评估,形成常态化评估态势,持续传导压力,从整体上提高培训基地的带教能力

一位北大医院住培学员为患有腿水肿的肾病患者检查身体。学员检查肝时,患者说腿水肿;检查脾时,患者说腿水肿;当学员让患者把腿蜷起来时,患者还说腿水肿。患者连说3次,学员都没有回应。出科考试结束,指导老师问学员,为何不回应患者的关注?学员说,肾病患者腿水肿是正常现象,没必要解释。指导老师说,患者连续问腿水肿的问题,说明她有顾虑。医生给患者看病,不仅要把疾病判断清楚,还应关注患者的表现,解除其心中的困扰。

北大医院推广“胜任力导向的医学教育”,对学员综合能力进行充分评价,发挥考试的指挥棒作用,并在北京内科住院医师培训结业考核中率先实施。2016年10月,北大医院获加拿大皇家内科与外科医师学院国际机构认证,意味着该院住院医师规范化培训的管理迈进到国际水平。

目前,全国共有599家住院医师规范化培训基地。陈昕煜介绍,培训基地是培养合格临床医师的孵化器,对于保证住院医师培训质量具有决定性作用。培训基地应尽可能集中在少数高水平的三级甲等医院,促进同质性,减少异质化。具有优势资源的非三甲医院,可根据培训专业的需要,采取区域内协同协作方式,在高水平医院的带领下,参与住院医师规范化培训工作,形成教学优势资源的互补。

今年6月,受国家卫计委科教司委托,中国医师协会组织专家对海口市人民医院耳鼻喉科专业基地教学情况开展了评估。该基地收治病人数和疾病种类达不到要求,手术例数和种类仅达到标准的50%,教学管理不规范,培训质量不高。根据专家组检查意见,中国医师协会决定:建议海南省卫计委对该培训基地予以通报批评,撤销耳鼻喉科专业基地资格,并将现有在培学员妥善转至其他耳鼻喉科专业基地。

陈昕煜介绍,我国建立住院医师规范化培训基地动态管理机制,两年来共抽查评估了131个培训基地、517个专业基地,对6个培训基地、35个专业基地黄牌警告,对9个专业基地予以红牌撤销。2017年继续委托中国医师协会组织第三方评估,运用综合评估、专业评估、飞行检查等多种手段,开展47家基地(专业)评估。

张雁灵提出,在培训基地评估模式上,学习借鉴国际通行做法,结合中国实际,采取综合评估、专业评估与飞行检查相结合,分别解决培训管理、培训质量和学员待遇存在的问题。在评估方法上,要将集中式评估变为全年不间断评估,形成常态化评估态势,持续传导压力,从整体上提高培训基地的带教能力。

陈昕煜表示,住院医师规范化培训是临床医学生成长为合格临床医师的必由之路。要以紧缺专业为重点,逐步扩大培训规模,增补和建设一批培训基地,2020年力争基本实现医学本科毕业生接受住院医师规范化培训的全覆盖。

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