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“标准化医生”是怎么炼成的?(聚焦·住院医师成长追踪(下))

2017-08-11 06:33:42   中国青年网

单位人何时变社会人?

现行的政策只要求单位人员参加住培,对住培之后的违约行为却没有约束机制,基层医院很容易“鸡飞蛋打”

过完这个夏天,新疆生产建设兵团医院的郑峥就成为第三年住院医师,距离规范化培训的结业考试不足10个月。两年前,本科毕业的他来到中日医院参加住培。在完成住院医师规范化培训后,他将申请北京大学医学部的硕士学位。

郑峥在住培基地属于单位委托培训,称为单位人。毕业后没有就业单位,以自主身份参加住培的,称为社会人。然而,以单位人参加住培,不少基层医院喜忧参半:住培学员一走3年,最让人担心的是,不少人培训完了就不回来了。现行的政策只要求单位人员参加住培,对住培之后的违约行为却没有约束机制,基层医院很容易“鸡飞蛋打”。

相较于美国住培制度,我国医生是单位人,美国医生是社会人,中美在医生执业方式上有根本不同,难免会遭遇“水土不服”。

中日医院副院长姚树坤认为,住培制度更适合社会人的培训模式。社会人由于工作单位还没有着落,住培学员会努力让自己掌握临床技能。如今医院录用员工,笔试考临床知识,面试考表达能力,等员工录用到医院,临床操作根本上不了手。如果从住培学员中录用员工,像考级一样公布学员成绩名次,医院根据考试名次来录用新员工,有真才实学的住培生才能脱颖而出。他建议,住培制度学员应由单位委托培训向自由人身份培训过渡。

从单位人到社会人,身份转换面临不少现实问题,但政策的滞后不是以医院一己之力能够解决的,需要政策层面的支撑。虽然有小部分住培基地提出“优秀社会学员可推荐留本单位工作”,但由于住培招生数量和岗位缺口之间的巨大落差,留下的可能性微乎其微。

陈昕煜认为,住培学员身份从单位人过渡到社会人,医学教育改革与发展涉及招生录取、培养培训、使用激励、考核评价等多个环节,是一项复杂的系统工程,需要编制、发改、财政、人社等多部门协同支持。

上海住院医师规范化培训的最大突破是创造了“行业社会人”这一模式,既有别于传统住院医师培训的“单位人”模式,又有别于欧美的“社会人”模式。住院医师与卫生行业人事管理机构签约获得劳动人事身份,培训期间与同类人员享有同等工资、福利及社会保障,培训完成后可在各级各类医疗机构双向选择、自由择业。这样既保证了住院医师的收入待遇与劳动保障,又充分调动其培训积极性,同时为各级各类医疗机构培养出一大批同质化医学人才,从而建立起真正意义上的住培制度。

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