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可上九天揽月 可下五洋采“冰”——我国首次海域可燃冰试采成功

2017-05-19 08:09:08   新华网

向地球深部进军

从“蓝鲸一号”起步的可燃冰试采,不仅对我国未来的能源安全保障、优化能源结构具有重要意义,甚至可能给世界能源接替研发格局带来改变。

“试采成功打破了我国在能源勘查开发领域长期跟跑的局面,取得了理论、技术、工程和装备的完全自主创新,实现了在这一领域由跟跑到领跑的历史性跨越。”国土资源部党组成员、中国地质调查局局长钟自然说。

“从理论上讲,地球内部可利用成矿空间分布在从地表到地下1万米,目前世界先进水平勘探开采深度已达2500米至4000米,而我国大多小于500米,向地球深部进军是我们必须解决的战略科技问题”2016年全国科技创新大会提出的这一论断,让人们对大地大海深处充满向往。

如果我国固体矿产勘查深度达到2000米,探明资源储量可以翻一番。而辽阔的大洋海底,多金属结核总资源量约3万亿吨,有商业开采潜力的达750亿吨;海底富钴结壳中钴资源量约为10亿吨;太平洋深海沉积物中稀土资源量达880亿吨。未来全球油气总储量的40%将来自深海。

“海洋特别是深海作为战略空间和战略资源,在国家安全和发展中的战略地位日益凸显,深海探测是建设海洋强国的战略需要。”国土资源部部长姜大明说,我国海洋探测科技创新已经取得很大进步,但在一些深海领域与美日俄及个别欧盟国家相比还存在差距,向深海进军,发挥后发优势,争取后发先至,这是必须解决的战略科技问题。

在本次试开采之后,我国可燃冰开采将进入“科学积累”的新阶段。叶建良说,在系统总结本次试采经验、优化试采技术工艺的基础上,还将开展更多种类型可燃冰试采,建立适合我国资源特点的开发利用技术体系,同时创建国家重点实验室、工程技术中心等创新平台,进一步提高可燃冰勘探开发和深海科技创新能力。

根据国土资源科技创新规划,“十三五”期间,通过研制深远海油气及可燃冰勘探开发技术装备,我国将推进大洋海底矿产勘探及海洋可燃冰试采工程,力争2020年实现商业化试采,研制成功全海深潜水器和深远海核动力浮动平台技术。

中国科学家们还对未来全球能源接续的“中国方案”雄心勃勃。“低渗粉砂质储层水合物矿藏在海上丝绸之路沿线国家广泛分布,很多国家对可燃冰有强烈需求。我们现在掌握了这一技术,有利于解决‘一带一路’沿线的资源、能源问题,推动‘一带一路’沿线的经济发展和融合。”邱海峻说。

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