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美媒:科米被解职引发“政治风暴”未消停

2017-05-19 08:08:45   新华网

资料图:科米

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普解职正在调查“通俄门”的联邦调查局局长詹姆斯·科米,由此引发的政治风暴仍未消停。

美国媒体披露科米的一份备忘录后,一些国会议员要求调查特朗普是否存在妨碍司法的行为。美联社认为,如果被证实妨碍司法,特朗普可能面临国会弹劾。

【妨碍司法?】

本月9日,特朗普突然解除科米的职务,而后者正在调查特朗普竞选团队与俄罗斯的关系。按照白宫的说法,司法部长杰夫·塞申斯向总统提出的解职理由是,科米“没有能力有效领导联邦调查局”。但反对者认为,联邦调查局坚持调查“通俄门”是特朗普决心开除科米的关键原因。

美国媒体16日报道,科米在今年2月的一份备忘录中写道,总统特朗普要求他停止对前任总统国家安全事务助理迈克尔·弗林涉嫌“通俄”的调查。弗林在担任特朗普“军师”时被曝上任前与俄罗斯政府有不正当关联,并在此事上撒谎,弗林后于2月辞职。

白宫同一天发表声明否认特朗普曾向科米施压。但一些国会议员呼吁调查科米备忘录的真实性,以确定特朗普是否妨碍司法。

司法部17日宣布,任命前联邦调查局局长罗伯特·米勒为特别检察官,主持“通俄门”调查。美联社报道,司法部将向调查团队提供人选,米勒有权挑人,也可以任用司法部以外的人;此外,米勒在调查中拥有“广泛权力”。

美联社分析,科米备忘录中的相关内容是否属实、特朗普的动机是什么将是判定他是否妨碍司法的关键,也将是米勒调查的重点。一些国会议员要求获得备忘录副本及其他可能存在的特朗普与科米的交谈记录,还希望科米在听证会上作证。

【国会弹劾?】

美联社说,如果特朗普妨碍司法被确认属实,其性质等同于导致前总统理查德·尼克松下台的“水门事件”,特朗普可能面临国会弹劾。

美国宪法规定,总统、副总统和所有文职官员,因叛国罪、贿赂罪或其他重罪及轻罪而受弹劾并被定罪时,应予免职。

众议院拥有发起弹劾程序的权力,由其提起诉讼;参议院则依据弹劾指控条款对官员进行审议。简言之,众院起检察官作用,参院则相当于陪审团。

众议院只需超过半数赞成票即可批准弹劾条款;参议院则需要三分之二多数票才能将弹劾对象定罪。如被弹劾的对象是总统,参议院的审议需由最高法院首席法官主持。一旦参议院表决认定总统有罪,总统即被罢免,由副总统取而代之。

美国历史上只有安德鲁·约翰逊和比尔·克林顿两名总统经历过国会弹劾程序,两人最后均被认定无罪。

1868年,由于在南北战争后重建南方等问题上的争论,约翰逊遭遇“弹劾劫”。参议院投票表决以一票之差未达三分之二多数,约翰逊被宣告无罪。

1998年,克林顿被控在与白宫实习生莫妮卡·莱温斯基的绯闻案中作伪证、妨碍司法。最终参院以45票赞成、55票反对和50票赞成、50票反对分别否决了这两项条款。

1974年“水门事件”中,众院司法委员会通过了三项弹劾尼克松的条款,即阻挠司法工作、滥用总统职权和蔑视国会传调录音带的命令。在众院对弹劾条款进行表决前,尼克松宣布辞职,成为美国历史上迄今唯一一位在任内辞职的总统。(吴宝澍)(新华社特稿)

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