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张自忠:从被骂“汉奸”到革命烈士的抗战军魂

2016-12-02 14:52:09   

28日夜,宋哲元军长率领29军主力离开北平,同时命两个旅随张将军留守北平,维持治安。临走前,宋哲元任命张将军代理冀察政委会委员长、代理冀察绥靖主任、代理北平市市长;任命李文田代理天津市市长,任命张允荣接任平绥铁路局局长等。北平人民清早出门,发现国军大部已经弃城而去,而张自忠署名的安民告示四处张贴,于是舆论大哗,认为张自忠做了汉奸,张自忠是一个自尊心、荣誉感非常强的人,这次遭遇对他打击很大。

张将军奉命留守北平后,致电在天津的七弟张自明表示,受国家培养二十年,当国家存续之交决心以身寄国,家事让七弟料理一切,并且要家人不用惦念。

29日凌晨三时,宋哲元军长一行抵达保定后,即刻向蒋介石报告:“职今晨三时转保,秦市长德纯、张局长维藩偕来,所有北平军政事宜,统由张师长自忠负责处理。”并通电全国:“哲元奉令移保,所有北平军政事宜统由张师长自忠负责处理。”

拼死卫国守土不敢自后于人

张将军对日作战,每战都抱定必死决心倾力而战,屡建战功。

“一战淝水”。1938年2月,张将军率59军抵达蚌埠附近的淮河左岸地区,阻击北犯的日军第十三师团一部,将日军击退,并攻占了小蚌埠。

“再战临沂”。1838年3月初,张将军奉命率部驰援临沂。59军在庞炳勋部40军的配合下,奋力鏖战七昼夜,将日军中号称“铁军”的第五师团(板垣师团)所属的坂本支队击退。蒋介石称临沂之战“是为我抗战以来克敌制胜之始”。临沂大捷后,张将军升任第27军团军团长,同时国民政府明令撤销了对张将军的撤职查办处分。

“三战徐州”。1938年3月下旬至5月期间,张将军率部参加了徐州会战,在临沂、郯城、邳县一带连续与日军作战。5月中旬,在徐州撤退过程中,张将军奉命率部断后,于5月24日成功突出日军的重重包围,到达安徽亳县。

1938年9月,张将军奉命在豫南潢川阻击来犯的日军第十师团,59军与日军在潢川连续激战了十一天,最后在日军炮火和毒气的猛烈攻击下,59军于9月18日撤出了潢川,在光山地区继续抗击日军。10月13日,张将军升任第33集团军总司令,下辖59军和77军,77军是由原29军37师扩编组成的,于是张将军和冯治安副总司令这两位老同事又在一起并肩作战。10月下旬,59军奉命撤退至湖北东部地区,月底59军突破了日军的包围,到达京山、钟祥一带。1938年11月18日,张将军出任第五战区右翼兵团总司令。

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