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八宝山公墓陵园分为墓区和骨灰堂两大部分,墓区有三个。墓地或骨灰的安放格局遵循生前的政治级别而定。第一墓区,位于整个公墓北向顶端,主要安葬已故党和国家领导人以及副部级以上干部、民主党派领导人士。因此,一墓区是公墓中政治级别最高的地方。第二墓区,进入大门后的两侧是第二与第三墓区,他们占据了公墓最显著的位置,是在一墓区形成后扩建而成的,这两块墓区主要以级别较低的县团级干部为主。
第一墓区的第一位主人,也是八宝山公墓陵园建成后所入葬的第一位,就是素有“中国人民骆驼”之称的任弼时同志。他是新中国成立后去世的第一位国家领导人,他的墓占地三百多平方米,在公墓中面积最大,被称为“八宝山第一墓”。之后,任中华人民共和国中央人民政府第一任副主席的民主人士张澜去世,葬于其墓之西。1955年,纪念原中共领袖瞿秋白同志逝世20周年时,将其墓迁到八宝山,置于任弼时墓之东。在此基础之上,第一墓区逐渐形成。此后,第一墓区不断扩大,位置排列自然形成,并形成了一定的规律。以任弼时墓为基准,平行两侧为政治局常委级别人物,包括彭真、姚依林、陈云、李先念。再往下第二级台阶,有一些四副两高(国家副主席、全国人大副委员长、国务院副总理、全国政协副主席与最高人民法院院长、最高人民检察院检察长)人物和部队高级将领。在自然形成的过程当中,形成了第一墓区东侧主要是党的领导干部,西侧则多为民主人士的独特布局。
在第二墓区和第三墓区,主要埋葬的是级别较低的县团级干部,安葬的多是逝世于20世纪五六十年代的革命人士,除此之外,还有科学、教育和文化界的著名人士。位于西侧的第二墓区有林徽因、徐悲鸿、闻一多、史沫特莱等人的墓地。第二、三墓区并没有根据逝世者身份来进行专门的顺序安排,而是根据去世时间的先后顺序,进行依次建墓。第二、三墓区的墓庄重朴素、形式统一,每块占地一平米左右,墓盖以水泥制成,墓碑为汉白玉石雕刻,这里的墓下安葬几乎都为未经火化的遗体。
从上文可以看出,八宝山的墓穴用地,是根据干部的高低级别划分来确定的,安葬者需按照第一、二、三墓区的不同级别顺序及面积大小来使用,不得挑选和扩大。至于墓盖、石碑、月台的尺寸,均针对不同级别的干部做了详细的规定。前来办丧者,一律凭上级单位所开具的介绍信(须注明死者生前级别、担任职务)来确定入葬者将安葬在哪个墓区,这方面是没有丝毫通融的,也就是不搞特殊化,一律跟着规矩走。
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