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国家再出实招促民间投资发展 打破投资玻璃门弹簧门

2017-09-23 07:11:58   中国经济网

打破 “玻璃门”“弹簧门” 国家再出实招促民间投资发展

谭志娟

国内首次社会资本投资控股的杭绍台高铁相关消息依旧在持续发酵。继在持股比例上有所突破之后,根据《财新》的消息,这条高铁已经向国家发改委提出欲探索自主定价,中铁总内部人士表态支持。

其实早在2016年1月1日起,国家发改委就发布《关于改革完善高铁动车组旅客票价政策的通知》(以下简称《通知》),其中明确社会资本投资控股新建铁路客运专线旅客票价,继续实行市场调节,由铁路运输企业“根据市场供求和竞争状况等因素自主制定”。但这一规定在现实中并未得到实践。

民间投资“玻璃门”“弹簧门”如何打破?9月13日,国务院常务会议提出“破解民间投资隐形障碍等,进一步推动政策完善和创新,不断优化营商环境,增强民间投资、外商投资信心和创业创新活力”。

9月15日,国务院办公厅印发《关于进一步激发民间有效投资活力促进经济持续健康发展的指导意见》(以下简称《意见》),在优化营商环境、提高审批服务水平、加强政务诚信建设等方面提出多项实招。

在杭绍台高铁项目中发生的制度“破冰”,或许正是一个新起点。

融资难融资贵掣肘民间投资

9月14日,国家统计局发布的数据显示,2017年1~8月,民间投资同比增长6.4%,增速比1~7月回落0.5个百分点。同期全国固定资产投资增速尽管下滑到7.8%,但仍领先民间投资1.4%。

而从披露的金融数据看,尽管8月M2以8.9%的增速创下新低,但是社会融资规模和新增贷款的增量依然出现较快增长。8月人民币贷款增加1.09万亿元,同比多增1433亿元 。从结构上看,居民部门新增贷款占比约为61%,较7月回落7%,同期企业部门贷款增长4830亿元,同比增加3621亿元,贷款合计占新增贷款额的44.3%,环比增长1.5%。

社会融资增量为1.48万亿元,比7月多增2594亿元,8月末社会融资规模存量为169.41万亿元,同比增长13.1%,连续两个月高于13%。从结构看,委托、信托、未贴现承兑三项表外融资合计增加1303亿元,环比回升。

“这反映实体经济融资需求旺盛,在表内信贷旺盛,但额度有限的情况下,仍通过表外融资满足需求。”民生银行首席研究员温彬对《中国经营报》记者表示。

然而,在竞争激烈的资金争夺战中,民营企业长期受到掣肘。中国财政科学研究院发布了《降成本:2017年的调查与分析》中显示,根据全国抽样调查数据,2014~2016年,国有企业的银行贷款加权平均利率分别为6.13%、5.91%和5.26%,而同期民营企业则为7.65%、7.41%和6.79%,平均高出1%。在国有企业中,认为不存在融资困难的企业占比达到52.1%,而民营企业中仅有38.6%的企业认为不存在融资困难。

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