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债市收益率易升难降

2017-08-29 10:00:27   中国经济网

今年以来,国内债券市场主要受到金融监管和流动性影响。近期,央行和银监会官员再度对监管发出言论,导致市场对政策担忧升温。权益市场向好,期货市场主要商品的持续走强和市场资金面偏紧,长端国债收益率再度回升至年内的区间高位。

公开市场净回笼,货币利率回升

公开市场方面,上周央行转变此前净投放操作,连续五天公开市场操作净回笼资金,大幅收回流动性导致短期流动性偏向紧张。具体来看,当周央行共开展4200亿元的逆回购操作,有7500亿元的逆回购到期,因此公开市场净回笼3300亿元。此外,虽然800亿元国库定存投放,但并未缓解流动性紧张的局面,市场资金利率逐步抬升,R007与DR007均为上行态势。受此影响,债市呈现弱势局面,各期限利率均出现上升,信用利差被动收窄。

展望本周,公开市场方面有5600亿元的逆回购到期。在经过周四、周五两天暂停公开市场的逆回购操作后,本周一央行进行600亿元7天期和400亿元14天期逆回购操作,可仍出现连续六个交易日从公开市场净回笼资金。一方面说明机构跨月需求逐渐得到满足,跨月无忧;另一方面显示出保证央行流动性总量前提下,维持资金面“不紧不松”的意图明显。整体来看,目前资金利率易升难降。

工业企业利润增速放缓,监管再度发声

统计局公布的数据显示,中国7月规模以上工业企业利润同比增长16.5%,前值19.1%。中国1—7月规模以上工业企业实现利润总额42481.2亿元,同比增长21.2%,增速比1—6月放缓0.8个百分点。受高温影响,国内生产放缓,7月企业盈利增速有所回落。但供给侧改革继续,原材料价格上涨,上游行业盈利提升,其中石油加工、煤炭和钢铁等行业效益明显。上半年工业企业利润较高的增速主要由于低基数和PPI大幅上涨导致。随着基数提升和PPI增速减慢,预计工业企业利润增速会逐步减弱,但总体保持高位,经济韧性仍较强。

央行副行长殷勇此前表示,金融体系建设过程中存在明显短板是金融风险积聚的重要原因。如果不能打破刚性兑付,那在金融监管上就应该更加严格。银监会审慎规制局局长肖远亦表示,“三四四”自查已经基本完成,下半年将深入整治乱搞同业、乱加杠杆、乱做表外业务等市场乱象。此外,中国人民银行研究局局长徐忠近日在公开演讲时以个人角度表示,金融乱象是实体经济和整个体制机制问题的镜像反映。

暂缓一段时间的强监管氛围后,监管层的再度喊话,使市场重新关注政策动向,也一度令市场担忧情绪再起。目前来看,预计在监管相关政策颁布前,市场将受到一定扰动。

综上所述,环保政策加码对供给有所压缩,大宗商品上行趋势并未结束。农畜产品价格的反弹,有助通胀回升,但整体物价仍维持低位。经济基本面稳定,货币政策稳健中性,资金利率易上难下,一定程度上减弱配置资金需求。中短期来看,市场的机会更多属于博弈和交易性质。

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