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乐见故宫多晒珍宝

2017-09-11 17:07:42   国际在线

日前,故宫在其官微上公告了九月即将推出的七大展览,不仅有赵孟书画精品、以《千里江山图》为代表的历代青绿山水画特展,还有故宫藏瑞鹿文物特展、养心殿数字体验展等。其中《千里江山图》从新中国成立至今,只公开展出过3次。

这对于艺术爱好者和展览迷来说,无疑是一次难得的近距离接触书画珍品与国宝的机会。像《千里江山图》在过去的半个多世纪中才公开展出过3次,足见这次展览的分量。近年来,故宫所推出的书画展其实并不算少,比如从2008年到2016年,就有循环了三轮的“故宫藏历代书画展”。这对于拉近民众与故宫的距离、与艺术珍品的距离,都是难得的良机。而事实上,那些由历史尘封的书画作品,其实就该多拿出来“晒晒”,让民众多点一见真容的机会。

与精品书画的有限展出相比,民众的观展需求和热情近年来倒是日益提升。比较有代表性的是2015年故宫博物院举办的《石渠宝笈》特展上,为了一睹《清明上河图》的真容,上千展览爱好者通宵排队,最长排队时间超过14小时。越是珍品、孤品,出于安全和保护的需要,往往展出的机会越小,而民众的观展期待则越强,这确实是个不容易调和的矛盾。比如,这次的《千里江山图》,之所以极少展出,就是因为绘制《千里江山图》时,画家用了很多矿物质的颜料,颜色很厚,历经近千年,如今只要打开画卷,颜料就容易脱落而损伤画作原貌。但为更好平衡保护与社会观展需求之间的关系,是否可以尝试一些技术性手段?而那些对保护要求没那么高的精品书画,是否能够适当多一点出展?

法国现代艺术家杜尚有一句名言:“观看者形成了美术馆,他们是构成美术馆的元素。”这句话形象地指出了作品展出与其价值之间的关系。一些旷世名作,当然要妥善保护,可若是一味选择封存性保护,何尝不是价值的打折。更为重要的是,一个社会的观展习惯、艺术审美水准乃至人文情操的培育,往往就是从对名作的好奇中所激发的。这是珍贵艺术品本身一个很重要的社会功能,亦是保护它们的目的之一。像故宫这样的国家顶级博物院,其展出“尺度”与频率对于其他的地方性博物馆,也是一种积极的示范。

当前,社会的博物馆文化与展览文化日益浓厚。博物馆免费开放政策的推行,国际博物馆日活动的开展等,也都在致力于更好满足社会的文化与观展需求。在这种背景下,多一些高级别的珍品展览,让民众有更多机会接触到历史名作与艺术珍宝,也未尝不是提升社会整体展览品质,进一步呼应民众观展热情的必要之举。所以,乐见故宫博物院晒出更多的珍宝。

(作者:朱昌俊 原标题:乐见故宫多晒珍宝)

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