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富营养导致的乙酰辅酶A水平上升可以被乙酰化酶GCN5感知,升高一种名为ECHS1的代谢酶中101赖氨酸位点的乙酰化水平。ECHS1在细胞代谢中同时负责脂肪酸和支链氨基酸的氧化。ECHS1中101赖氨酸位点的乙酰化抑制ECHS1的活性并降低其蛋白稳定性。因此,富营养信号通过GCN5-ECHS1轴传导,抑制脂肪酸和支链氨基酸的氧化,导致细胞内脂肪酸和支链氨基酸的累积。脂肪酸累积有利于细胞膜合成原料的提供,支链氨基酸的累积激活细胞合成代谢mTOR信号的激活。这些响应体现了细胞在富营养状况下倾向增值的选择。但是,长时间的富营养暴露不但催生细胞增殖,而且会诱导凋亡抵抗,为癌症的发生提供有利条件。
该研究同时发现,去乙酰化酶SIRT3可以逆转ECHS1乙酰化及富营养效果,为干预富营养的致癌副作用提示了方向,同时提示ECHS1在心脑血管疾病和糖尿病中具有潜在的病理意义及干预新策略。
复旦大学附属妇产科医院、生命科学学院及生物医学研究院为论文第一单位。复旦大学生命科学学院张亚坤、附属肿瘤医院瞿元元和生物医学研究院林彦为论文共同第一作者。复旦大学生物医学研究院副研究员徐薇、复旦大学附属妇产科医院教授赵世民和中国工程院院士、中国医学科学院北京协和医学院研究员刘德培为论文共同通讯作者。该研究得到国家自然基金委、科技部973计划、上海市科委项目等的资助。
富营养状态下调ECHS1的酶活,直接积累了支链氨基酸和脂肪酸。这种积累会诱导mTOR信号通路和脂性凋亡。
免疫组化实验,人肾癌、肝癌组织切片中ECHS1,P-4EBP, FAs和BCL-2的含量。
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