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中国教育部要求控制辍学加强义务教育 反对“退学上私塾”

2017-09-05 17:31:39   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 王洹星):记者5日从中国教育部获悉,2016年,中国九年义务教育巩固率达93.4%,但少数农村地区特别是老少边穷岛地区仍不同程度存在失学辍学现象。教育部相关负责人表示,要多举措并举,实现国家确定的到2020年义务教育巩固率达95%的目标。针对一些家长不送孩子上学而在家读书或者送私塾,教育部表示此举不能替代正规教育。

日前,国务院办公厅下发文件,对进一步加强控辍保学提高义务教育巩固水平工作做了全面的部署。控辍保学是指控制学生辍学、流失,保证义务教育阶段学生入学就读。教育部基础教育司司长吕玉刚表示,这一文件针对学生辍学的主要原因,提出了有针对性的工作举措:“避免因学习困难或者厌学而失学辍学,避免因贫失学辍学,避免因上学远、上学难而辍学,这是辍学的三个主要原因。切实落实政府、学校、家长和社会等各方面控辍保学的责任。”

据介绍,当前中国一些地方对控辍保学工作重视不够、部门职责不清、工作机制不完善、解决辍学问题针对性不强,迫切需要落实政府及社会各方控辍保学责任。对父母或监护人无正当理由未送适龄少儿入学的,政府要责令改正。学校要建立和完善辍学学生劝返复学、登记与书面报告制度,加强家校联系,做好辍学学生劝返复学工作。吕玉刚说,为解决这些问题,将建立一系列突破性的机制:“一是健全了控辍保学的工作机制,提出完善行政督促复学机制、建立义务教育入学联控联保工作机制、建立控辍保学动态监测机制、完善控辍保学督导机制和考核问责机制;二是明确了政府、社会、家庭、学校各方在控辍保学工作中责任;三是提出了以学生为中心的“精准化”帮扶政策,加强分类指导,因地、因家、因人施策;四是重点强调了各级政府要调整优化财政支持结构,优先发展、优先保障义务教育。”

此外,近年来,部分家长不送孩子上学的事时有发生,特别是随着“国学热”流行,有家长让孩子退学上私塾。对此,吕玉刚表示,这种行为和义务教育法相抵触。无正当理由未送适龄儿童少年入学接受义务教育或造成辍学的,由当地乡镇人民政府或者县级人民政府教育行政部门给予批评教育,责令限期改正。逾期不改的,由司法部门依法发放相关司法文书,敦促其保证辍学学生尽早复学;情节严重或构成犯罪的,依法追究法律责任。吕玉刚说:“至于说家长想让他多学一点国学,接受一点这方面的特殊教育,我认为这和送到学校去上学并不矛盾,因为我们新的课程改革非常重视中华优秀传统文化的教育。在新的教材当中进一步充实了中华优秀传统文化的篇目。如果觉得还不够,业余时间到一些机构去学习一下,应该只能是学校教育的补充,它不能替代我们正规的规范的学校教育。”

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