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过分炒作“养老金入市”不可取

2017-08-24 04:21:22   中国青年网

养老金给沪市带来的增量资金不会超过180亿元,这与当前A股近60万亿元的总市值相比,体量相对较小,而且大盘股指走势更多取决于上市公司基本面、货币政策等因素。养老金入市是一个循序渐进的过程,短期内带来的直接利好较为有限,投资者不应盲目追风相关个股,也不能过分夸大其对市场走势的影响

近日,A股两家上市公司九阳股份、正海磁材发布的2017年半年报显示,基本养老保险基金(简称“养老金”)八零二组合均在二季度买入其股份,并成为前十大流通股股东。之后,两只股票被市场大力炒作,正海磁材更是一度连拉涨停。一时间,有人认为养老金介入个股意味着其拥有绝对安全边际,全仓买入后肯定能赚大钱;还有人认为,养老金选择这个时点入场意味着当前市场已严重低估,市场反转行情一触即发。

在笔者看来,养老金是公共资金,其投资入市确实具有重要的示范性及风向标作用,但上述看法有些过分看重和夸大了养老金入市的短期效应,同时也忽略了养老金入市对股市的真正影响和长远意义。

我国酝酿养老金入市已有多年。在很长一段时间里,养老金以银行存款为主的方式管理,年均收益率长期低下,甚至跑不赢通货膨胀率。从2012年起,广东、山东等地区实施养老金入市试点。2015年8月份,国务院出台《基本养老保险基金投资管理办法》,全国社保基金理事会被明确为养老金入市的委托机构,养老金入市蓝图初现。

截至今年6月底,北京、上海、河南等8省区市已经与社保基金理事会签署了委托投资合同,合同总金额4100亿元,其中1721.5亿元资金已经到账并开始投资,剩余其他资金将按照合同约定分年分批到位。此次九阳股份、正海磁材发布的2017年半年报,意味着养老金正式进入A股市场。

养老金入市确实给市场带了积极预期,但散户们应理性看待这种利好效应。根据规定,投资股票、股票基金、混合基金、股票型养老金产品的比例,合计不得高于养老基金资产净值的30%。从资金安全性的角度考虑,其最终真正使用的资金额度可能不会太高,按照当前社保、保险等资金的投资比例来看,基本上控制在10%左右。这意味着短期内养老金给沪市带来的增量资金不会超过180亿元,这与当前A股近60万亿元的总市值相比,体量相对较小,而且大盘股指走势更多取决于上市公司基本面、货币政策等因素。

对于养老金介入的个股而言,由于养老金是在今年上半年建仓九阳股份、正海磁材,时间较早、成本较低,较当前已被炒高的股价而言有一定的安全垫。中小投资者现在追高建仓,风险相对较大。

养老金入市是一个循序渐进的过程,短期内带来的直接利好较为有限,投资者不应盲目追风相关个股,也不能过分夸大其对市场走势的影响。尽管如此,我们也不能忽视养老金入市的长远意义。一方面,养老基金通过市场化投资,实现了保值增值,同时也壮大了机构投资者队伍,成为资本市场主力资金的一部分,起到资本市场的稳定器作用。另一方面,养老基金作为长期价值投资者,其稳健理性的投资风格可以有效中和中小投资者的短期投机行为,净化资本市场投资氛围,改善资本市场投资环境,促进资本市场健康长远发展。应该注意的是,在养老金投资运营过程中,必须把安全放在首位,切实加强监管,防范投资风险。

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