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中东多国准备向库尔德当局摊牌 伊拉克威胁进行军事行动
【环球时报驻埃及特派记者 韩晓明 环球时报特约记者 王逸】伊拉克库尔德自治区政府当地时间26日宣布独立公投取得“胜利”,呼吁与伊拉克有关当局进行“对话”。伊拉克总理阿巴迪27日呼吁库尔德当局取消公投结果,议会也授权阿巴迪向有关地区部署军队。不仅如此,伊拉克当局当天还发出警告,称这是“战略性和历史性错误”,威胁进行军事行动和经济制裁,并要求库尔德自治区在3天内向中央政府交出当地机场的控制权。路透社称,此次公投会加剧中东的混乱。
据伊拉克库尔德媒体鲁道新闻网公布的2017年伊拉克库尔德自治区(库区)独立公投结果显示,公投共收集超过308.6万张有效票,其中支持票占92.73%、反对票占7.2%。当地时间26日晚,伊拉克北部库尔德地方政府领导人巴尔扎尼发表电视演讲,宣布了这一结果。他称,“谈判才是解决问题的正确道路,而非威胁或是强硬的辞令。我呼吁伊拉克总理阿巴迪先生和其他伊拉克政府官员,不要关闭对话大门,因为只有对话才能解决问题。我们向国际社会保证,愿意与巴格达对话。”巴尔扎尼说,库尔德今后将面临困难,但是他们能够克服。他还呼吁国际社会“尊重数百万库尔德人的意愿”。巴尔扎尼之前曾经表示,公投结果揭晓后,他不会立刻宣布库尔德独立;但他也承认,届时还是可能与中央政府之间爆发武装冲突。
伊拉克总理阿巴迪对库尔德自治区的独立公投迅速做出回应。据《华盛顿邮报》报道,他26日晚威胁说,如果库尔德自治区领导人不将机场的控制权交给联邦当局,就要禁止进出那里的航班。阿巴迪表示,交出机场控制权的最后期限是本周五,否则禁飞令将开始生效。此外,库尔德自治区的所有石油收入必须上交中央政府。阿巴迪还强硬表示,中央政府不会就库尔德独立问题开启谈判,决不放弃“伊拉克的统一和主权,这是民族义务所在”。《华盛顿邮报》26日称,伊拉克中央政府威胁对库尔德自治区实施“瘫痪性的经济制裁和军事行动”。
除了伊拉克中央政府,土耳其政府也强烈反对库尔德人独立。英国广播公司(BBC)27日称,土耳其担心独立会加强土耳其国内的库尔德族叛乱。土总统埃尔多安26日表示,库尔德自治政府的独立公投违反了伊拉克的法律,土耳其不会容忍这种发展趋势,“此次公投未经磋商,是背信弃义行为,如果巴尔扎尼及库尔德自治区不尽快修正错误,他们会重蹈历史覆辙,将该地区拖入民族和宗教战争中”。他说,“要是我们国家受到威胁,我们保留一切选项。”埃尔多安甚至表示,寻求独立的库尔德人可能在土耳其考虑实施的惩罚性措施下饿死。BBC认为,这是埃尔多安对库尔德自治区公投发表过的最强烈言论。
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