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外媒:禁售燃油车,即便不确定也“不得不为”

2017-09-15 13:46:51   新华网

英国金融时报网15日发表中国上海金融与法律研究院研究员刘远举撰写的题为《禁售燃油车,即便不确定也“不得不为”》的文章。文章说,英法等国纷纷宣布将在未来禁售燃油车。中国的禁售时间表起码是弯道跟车,不得不为,但是有为还需良治。

自从特斯拉出现以来,电动汽车在各国政府的推广下逐渐增加。今年7月,全球电动汽车的发展趋势骤然加速。

2016年7月,法国宣布将在2040年前彻底禁售燃油车,同时将通过经济手段激励法国民众使用清洁能源车辆。英国政府也宣布,将从2040年起全面禁售汽油和柴油汽车,届时市场上将只允许电动汽车等环保车辆销售,确保2050年英国的道路上不再有汽油车和柴油车行驶。汽车制造大国德国通过推出《电动汽车法》、发放电动汽车购车补贴、扩建充电基础设施等方式促进电动汽车普及,目标在2020年成为国际领先供应商、国际市场领头羊,并实现100万辆电动汽车上路。此外荷兰、挪威等国也宣布了全面禁止汽油车和柴油车生产与销售的时间表。除了欧美国家,印度能源部长皮尤什·戈亚尔在今年5月也宣布了一个新能源计划,“到2030年,一辆烧油的汽车都不会在印度市场出售。”

日前,中国工信部副部长辛国斌表示,当前,全球汽车产业正加速向智能化、电动化的方向转变,为抢占新一轮制高点,把握产业发展趋势和机遇,中国已启动传统能源车停产停售时间表研究。这个消息为已经熊熊大火的新能源汽车再猛的加上了一瓢油,引起全球汽车业界震动。

中国汽车行业年销量已突破2800万辆,连续8年位居世界第一,是全球最大的汽车市场。在全球一些发达国家已宣布传统能源车停产停售时间表的背景下,可以毫不夸张的说,中国是否推出禁售燃油车的时间表,或者禁售程度如何,直接影响到传统汽车的生存。

某种程度上,禁售时间表是一种技术预测,即各国认为,到那个时候,燃油车在技术、经济、环保上都大概率的会全面落后,所以,用政策促进、刺激这一局面的到来,以免在全球竞争中落后。对车辆发展的技术预测,本质上,是对新能源技术发展的预测。

从目前技术角度说,电池的能量密度、充电速度,光伏风电的间隙性、反调峰特性、储能以及转换效率、分布与用能地的距离、发电成本,和传统石化能源相比尚有很大差距。以目前的技术来看,短期内很难有新能源具有像石化能源一样的经济性、稳定性和便利性。以能源改革先行者德国为例,其可再生能源发电目前占比20%以上,但居民电价高达0.29欧元,相当于人民币2.4元。显然这对中国是不可承受的。

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