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新方法有效改善肝肺干细胞移植微环境

2017-09-02 14:35:56   新华网

新华社华盛顿9月1日电(记者林小春)中美科学家新近发现了一种改变病变器官微环境、促进移植干细胞更有效工作的新策略,并用来改善了受损肺和肝的再生活力。这被誉为再生医学领域取得的一个“重要进展”。

这项研究由四川大学华西第二医院、四川大学生物治疗国家重点实验室和美国韦尔·康奈尔医学院的丁楅森、曹中炜课题组及合作者联合完成,论文发表在新一期美国《科学转化医学》杂志上。

丁楅森告诉新华社记者,肝和肺在急性损伤后可恢复原有组织功能,具有一定的再生能力,但长期慢性损伤常常在肝和肺中产生过度的结疤反应,导致致死率很高的肺和肝的纤维化甚至肝硬化。他说,对肝和肺的再生疗法设计以往主要集中于发现并移植可促再生的肺和肝干细胞,但一大挑战是干细胞的移植效率和在体内的活力往往被受体的病变微环境所抑制。

“如果不能在受体的病变器官内建立一个适合‘种子(干细胞)’生根发芽的微环境,再好的‘种子’也不能存活并发挥作用。”

研究人员通过小鼠和一系列肺和肝再生修复模型发现,名为HGF和NOX4的两种分子,是决定这个微环境促进再生还是导致纤维化的关键因素。他们选择性地将促再生的HGF在血管中表达,并抑制了促纤维化的NOX4的活力,有效地在肝和肺中建立了促再生并防止纤维化的“优良土壤”。

小鼠实验显示,这种策略减弱了纤维化反应,并增强了所移植的肺和肝干细胞的体内活力,有很好的治疗效果。

丁楅森说,目前纤维化疾病急缺高效的治疗手段。他们的研究成果为纤维化疾病临床治疗提供了思路和具体手段。

《科学转化医学》杂志评价说,这是再生医学领域的一个“重要进展”,从概念上说明了培育“优良土壤”种植“种子”、保证干细胞移植取得成功的可行性,将能帮助研发各类细胞疗法,从而治疗慢性阻塞性肺病、囊性纤维化或肝硬化等病症。

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