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9月1日起全国中小学生统一换教材 怎么学?如何考?

2017-09-09 09:26:52   新华网

  原标题:1亿学生换教材,怎么学?如何考?

根据国家语文、历史、德育三科教材统编统用、3年实现全覆盖的要求,2017年秋季学期,全国所有地区小学一年级和初中一年级使用统编教材,2018年覆盖小学初中一、二年级,2019年所有年级全部使用统编教材。

这是一项涉及义务教育阶段1.4亿在校学生的“大工程”。新教材什么样?今后学生怎么学?以后考试怎么考?记者采访了相关专家一一解答。

  增加革命传统文化内容:

  8年抗战改为14年

统编三科教材最大的特点是注重落实优秀传统文化教育、强化革命传统教育。以最受关注的语文教育为例,小学一年级开始就有古诗,整个小学6个年级12册语文教材中共选古诗文132篇,占全部课文选篇的30%,比原有人教版增加55篇。初中古诗文选篇124篇,占所有选篇的51.7%,比原来的人教版也有提高。从《诗经》到清代的诗文,从古风、民歌、律诗、绝句到词曲,从诸子散文到历史散文,从两汉论文到唐宋古文、明清小品,均有收录。此外,课本还收录了大量革命传统经典篇目,如《纪念白求恩》《为人民服务》《开国大典》等,小学约40篇,初中30多篇。

此前《建军大业》上映时,有年轻观众分不清叶挺、叶剑英,不知道朱德有没有牺牲在三河坝战役,显示出对新中国历史教育的缺失。新版《历史》教材完整介绍了中国抗日战争从局部抗战、全民族抗战到最终胜利的14年史实,并将“8年抗战”明确改为“14年抗战”。

“以前教材可能只罗列几次大型战役,现在的教材中有正面战场也有敌后战场,强调了中国共产党发挥的中流砥柱作用,国民党在抗战中发挥的作用也得到充分体现。”《历史》教材执行主编、首都师范大学教授叶小兵介绍,历史教材有专门2册系统讲述中国共产党的建立发展,领导社会主义革命建设改革的史实,涉及40多位老一辈革命家。

教材还注重加强民族团结教育、国家主权和海洋意识教育、国际理解教育,揭示出自秦以来中国就是一个不断发展的统一多民族国家;以史实为依托讲述西藏、新疆、台湾及附属岛屿钓鱼岛、南海诸岛等作为我国不可分割一部分的历史渊源;在世界史中重点介绍人类文明起源的多元性,世界文化的多元性,树立热爱和平的观念与忧患意识。

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