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发改委开药品反垄断首张罚单 五企恶意涨价被罚

2016-01-28 10:17:09   央广网

吴冬美介绍称,他们互相达成协议,把竞争机制排除,在某个特定区域就只有一个品牌的别嘌醇片在卖,消费者只能被动接受。

按理说,三家企业一起生产这个药品,彼此是竞争关系。那么为何三个药厂却表现得同气连枝呢?这就要说到重庆青阳,它不仅是别嘌醇片仅有的三个厂商之一,更是别嘌醇唯一的原料生产商。

反垄断局调查二处王洋林解释称,重庆青阳对于其他厂商来说,就是一个上游企业,直接控制原材料。但它和其他两家是共同生产别嘌醇片的。根据提取到的证据显示,重庆青阳给另外的公司发的通知上说道,“你们的药卖到我的区域,要原价收回去,否则我就原料断供。”

正是考虑到这一因素,因此,在国家发改委对三家药厂两家经销企业的处罚决定中,对于重庆青阳及其关联企业重庆大同处上年度销售额8%的罚款,是所有企业中处罚比例最高的。其余企业的罚款比例均为上年销售额的5%。目前,涉事五家企业均已认识到自己的错误。

国家发改委价格监督检查与反垄断局调查二处处长徐新宇分析称,因为这个药的原料只有重庆青阳能生产,药也只有这三家,坐在一起商量好价格后,这几年上涨的幅度是很大的。如果不去查处,很可能两三年后有一个更高幅度的变化。通过查处,及时遏制这种势头。

据计算,此次处罚的五家企业被处以的罚款总计不到400万元。如果仅以罚款金额来看,这算不上是一个反垄断大案。但国家发改委价格监督检查与反垄断局局长张汉东表示,药品是特殊的消费品,它的价格违法让人格外痛恨,国家发改委今后对于药品价格的违法行为查处力度还将不断加大。

张汉东认为,看病贵是人们普遍关注的。药品价格放开后,维护好市场秩序,保护消费者利益,显得尤为重要。从维护药品公平市场角度出发,加大反垄断执法力度,促进药品价格合理形成,实际上也是一种震慑。

2014年4月,国家已明确取消低价药最高零售限价,允许低价药在规定范围内自由浮动价格,其中,西药、中成药日均用量费用分别不超过3元、5元。2015年6月,国家又进一步取消了除麻醉和第一类精神药品以外的绝大部分药品的政府最高零售限价。近年来我国药品价格放开的步伐不可谓不快,但放开的每一步,都伴随着“药价一放就涨”的传闻。那么究竟应该怎样看待这一问题?

首先,需要承认的是,的确有一部分药品价格出现上涨。记者去年11月曾前往广东调研。统计得到的结果是,仅有近9%的药品价格出现了上涨,同时3%的药品还出现了下降。而在涨价的药物中,占大多数的药物价格上涨不足一倍。而需要注意的是,这个一倍,是在药价放开前,许多药物十几年未曾提价的基础上,涨出来的。

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