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医保基金缺口或将提前 过度医疗引发最大缺口

2016-01-22 09:20:53   第一财经日报

杨燕绥认为,控费并不是要降低医疗费用的支出。清华大学发布的《中国老龄社会医疗保障发展指数报告》,将人均医疗费用合理增长率作为医疗服务治理的核心指标。报告提出,人均医疗费用增长率应为人均GDP增长率的1.16倍,高出的部分即为控费降费空间。

“一些中西部地区的三甲医院收费和北京看齐,它的人均医疗费用增长率就要比人均GDP增长率高10到20个点,当地的医保基金很难付得起这些钱。”杨燕绥建议,将人均医疗费用增长率纳入当地政府的考核,以抑制医疗费用的不合理增长。

医保监控系统成最佳工具

《中国社会保险发展年度报告2014》也显示,2014年,职工基本医疗保险人均费用为7083亿元,比上年增长15.2%,比2009年增加4218亿元,增幅达147%。

住院医疗费用中,药品费、检查治疗费、服务设施费和其他费用分别为1902亿元、1832亿元、427亿元和159亿元,占到住院费用分别为44%、42.4%、9.9%和3.7%。这表明住院医疗费用中有86%是用来吃药和检查。

医保部门有什么样的方法来鉴定哪些是合理的增长,哪些是不合理的增长?医保智能监控系统由此将纳入视线。

人社部办公厅去年印发了《关于全面推进基本医疗保险医疗服务智能监控经办规程》,要求用两年时间在全国推开基本医疗保险医疗服务智能监控工作,2015年内争取实现覆盖50%的地区。该系统有望解决“医疗保险管理机构能力不足”的现实问题。

本报记者发现,借助第三方公司提供的专业系统可以大大提高医保单据审核的效率,而该系统对医疗行为的监管作用也让部分地区看好。

陈金甫说,智能审核的意义在于通过信息系统进入医生工作室,进一步延伸到健康档案。简而言之,医保实际上是使用智审工具给医院和医生“看病”,引入智能审核系统,建立专家库、规则库,实际上就是医保的“尺子”。

杨燕绥所带领的课题组在全国选取了12个市进行了医疗保险绩效的评价,她将这12个市分为四类,一是杭州、金华等城市进入了综合治理阶段,二是四川部分地区进入了智能审核与控费阶段,三是部分地区依然依赖行政控费,四是少数地区控费不力且基金亏损。

杨燕绥认为,其中的杭州、金华等城市走在全国的前列。

2014年2月,金华市人社局与海虹控股下属的中公网签订了医保智能审核平台建设的协议,对每个月定点医疗机构发生的费用进行逐单事后审核。当年12月,又加入了诊间审核和医疗质量评价辅助分析等模块,这两个模块被列入了2015年浙江省“深化医保监管年”工作试点。

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