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法治信访:有效破解“信访不信法”难题

2017-08-08 10:45:49   光明网

2014年8月,国家信访局会同国务院法制办采取“系统抓、抓系统”的办法和先试点、再推开的思路,推行依法分类处理信访诉求工作。自这项工作启动以来,已有37个国家部委出台清单,30个省份的省直部门出台了细化清单,26个省份出台了分类处理工作规程。在此基础上,国家信访局制定出台了《依法分类处理信访诉求工作规则》,进一步理顺了工作机制,明晰了工作职责,使群众诉求能够得到依法及时就地解决。

健全完善信访法律制度体系,提升信访工作法治化水平。2013年以来,国家信访局有针对性地健全完善《信访条例》配套措施10余件,细化工作要求。在规范信访工作程序方面,出台多项措施,进一步推进信访事项受理办理工作的制度化规范化。同时,在推动解决信访问题方面制定下发文件,进一步压实信访工作责任,督促责任主体及时就地解决问题。

2014年,国务院在全国范围内组织开展《信访条例》执法检查,发现和纠正存在的问题,深入推进条例实施,确保相关规定落到实处。

近年来,全国信访干部始终牢记“以人民为中心”的发展思想,积极引导人民群众在法治轨道上反映诉求、维护权益,努力解决好每一名群众的合理合法诉求,办事依法、遇事找法、解决问题用法、化解矛盾靠法的信访工作法治环境正在悄然形成。

专家点评

信访制度改革符合民众期待

作者:范愉(中国人民大学法学院教授、博导)

围绕信访的改革,很多法律界人士以民众“信访不信法”为由把信访积弊归咎于民众,主张取消信访或将信访构建为单纯听取意见建议的沟通渠道。然而,普通民众对于信访制度改革的期待则与此不同,他们最关心的是这种维权申诉渠道是通畅还是被堵死,信访是否能够解决他们的诉求和问题。

“分类处理”的改革思路以积极的态度和行动回应了民众和社会需求:一方面,明确诉访分离,不得以信访干扰正常的司法程序和司法权威,对于诉讼案件的申诉必须通过正常司法程序处理;另一方面,有关行政争议和与行政主体有关的各种纠纷,则根据纠纷的实际需要,分类采用相应的方式加以处理,包括行政复议、行政调解及综合性处理等,其目标是使每一个当事人及其申诉都能得到相应的回应和处理,有效破除重复、积案、投诉无门和得不到处理的积弊。

信访改革以来,通过畅通信访渠道、引导信访人采用适当的程序、明确责任主体、复杂疑难案件统筹协调、上级督办等方式,在给信访人提供权利救济的同时,也有效地规范了信访行为。信访责任制、信访公开化、督办等改革,也都围绕着“分类处理”的目标展开。民众之所以信访申诉,就是希望问题和纠纷得到处理,而“分类处理”以“处理”为落脚点,迎难而上,这种改革符合民众期待,已经初见成效。

责任编辑:马丽丽 CL0938
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