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国务院就与菲律宾的南海争议发表白皮书(全文)

2016-07-13 10:37:14   新华网

118.第三,菲律宾单方面提起仲裁,滥用《公约》争端解决程序。菲律宾提起仲裁事项的实质是南沙群岛部分岛礁的领土主权问题,有关事项也构成中菲海洋划界不可分割的组成部分。陆地领土问题不属于《公约》的调整范围。2006年,中国根据《公约》第298条作出排除性声明,将涉及海洋划界、历史性海湾或所有权、军事和执法行动等方面的争端排除在《公约》争端解决程序之外。包括中国在内的约30个国家作出的排除性声明,构成《公约》争端解决机制的组成部分。菲律宾通过包装诉求,恶意规避中方有关排除性声明和陆地领土争议不属《公约》调整事项的限制,单方面提起仲裁,构成对《公约》争端解决程序的滥用。

119.第四,菲律宾为推动仲裁捏造事实,曲解法律,编造了一系列谎言:

——菲律宾明知其仲裁诉求涉及中国在南海的领土主权,领土问题不属于《公约》调整的事项,却故意将其曲解和包装成《公约》解释或适用问题;

——菲律宾明知其仲裁诉求涉及海洋划界问题,且中国已根据《公约》第298条作出声明,将包括海洋划界在内的争端排除出《公约》规定的第三方争端解决程序,却故意将海洋划界过程中需要考虑的各项因素抽离出来,孤立看待,企图规避中国有关排除性声明;

——菲律宾无视中菲从未就其仲裁事项进行任何谈判的事实,故意将其与中国就一般性海洋事务与合作进行的一些磋商曲解为就仲裁事项进行的谈判,并以此为借口声称已穷尽双边谈判手段;

——菲律宾声称其不寻求判定任何领土归属,或划定任何海洋边界,然而在仲裁进程中,特别是庭审中,却屡屡否定中国在南海的领土主权和海洋权益;

——菲律宾无视中国在南海问题上的一贯立场和实践,子虚乌有地声称中国对整个南海主张排他性的海洋权益;

——菲律宾刻意夸大西方殖民者历史上在南海的作用,否定中国长期开发、经营和管辖南海相关水域的史实及相应的法律效力;

——菲律宾牵强附会,拼凑关联性和证明力不强的证据,强撑其诉讼请求;

——菲律宾随意解释国际法规则,大量援引极具争议的司法案例和不具权威性的个人意见支撑其诉求。

120.简言之,菲律宾单方面提起仲裁违反包括《公约》争端解决机制在内的国际法。应菲律宾单方面请求建立的南海仲裁案仲裁庭自始无管辖权,所作出的裁决是无效的,没有拘束力。中国在南海的领土主权和海洋权益在任何情况下不受仲裁裁决的影响。中国不接受、不承认该裁决,反对且不接受任何以仲裁裁决为基础的主张和行动。

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