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商业银行开发贷资产质量承压:分析师提示“周转率为王”

2017-09-26 07:32:57   中国经济网

中粮地产表示,公司将银行借款作为主要资金来源,报告期内公司获得银行授信349.29亿元,已使用168.34亿元(含银行保函等),未使用180.95亿元。

金地集团拥有多样化的融资渠道,包括银行借款、发行债券和中期票据等。截至2017年6月末,公司有息负债合计人民币413.93亿元,其中,银行借款占比为53.31% ,债券占比为44.51%,其他借款占比为2.18%,债务融资加权平均成本为4.48%。

对于央企或优质房企而言,银行信贷的优势远不仅在于体量,最重要的优势实际上是价格。事实上,对于商业银行来说,为了争夺优质客户,开发贷的价格已经几近成本价。

中国国贸也表示,截至报告期末,公司获得银行机构授予的长期信用额度为28亿元,其中尚未使用的信用额度为19.6亿元。今年上半年,该公司长期借款的利率区间为4.41%-4.90% (与2016年持平,低于2015年)。

此外,《证券日报》记者同时注意到,目前贷款基础利率LPR已经长时间保持在4.3%,该指标是基于报价银行自主报出的最优贷款利率计算并发布的贷款市场参考利率。部分央企和国企背景的上市房企显然能够达标“最优企业”,融资成本自然不会偏离LPR太远。

毛利率水平

足以覆盖融资成本

企业的融资偿还能力显然与其赚钱能力有关。如果单纯从房企行业的平均毛利率水平来看,确实能够较为轻松的覆盖其向银行贷款的融资成本。

世茂股份表示,2014年-2016年以及今年第一季度,该公司主营业务毛利率分别为41.40%、36.31%、 35.84%及34.72%。不过,公司也表示,不排除毛利率受到未来销售土地价格、劳动力成本、融资成本等成本上升以及宏观政策调控等因素的不利影响。

万科则表示,上半年其结算毛利率为24.8%,较2016年同期提高7.2个百分点。

即使上市房企毛利率水平不尽相同,但是据本报记者了解,绝大多数上市房企今年中期的毛利率也在20%以上,足以覆盖利率大约在4%-10%之间的银行借款成本。

净资产收益率悬殊

七成房企不足5%

此外,一位中介机构人士对本报记者表示,除了毛利率以外,判断房企融资性价比的重要因素还应该包括净资产收益率,换句话说,如果房企融资后资产的利用效率能够远远高于银行贷款成本,那么其融资行为的有效性可以获得加分,保持合理的净资产收益率也是回报股东出资以及向银行展示偿债能力的最佳方式之一。

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